2013 Vol. 3, No. 6

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2013 Vol.3, No.6
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Lake nutrient reference standard topics
Making the River Steady, Protecting Water Quality and Improving Ecology: Eco-treatment Practice of Liaohe Conservation Area
LI Zhongguo
2013, 3(6): 465-471. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2013.06.072
Abstract(2162) PDF(3949KB)(1211)
Abstract:
Since the Liao River basin eliminated water quality worse than class V for COD in the mainstream in 2009, the water pollution control has acquired breakthrough progress. Currently, in accordance with the five main indicators of surface water (COD, NH3-N, BOD5, DO, pH) detection, the water quality has reached class IV and been relatively stable, the fish has been restored to 40 kinds, and the river marked fish, saury, has been reproduced. Liaoning Provincial Government designated the mainstream of Liaohe as conservation area and established a conservation bureau. This is the first administration to be set up in China carrying out integrated basin management. This has provided institutional guarantees for implementation of multi-objective integration to protect the mother river of Liaoning people. The eco-treatment technology and practice of Liaohe Conservation Area were introduced. It has great significance on implementing the state strategy of “construction of ecological civilization”, accomplishing coordinated growth between economy and environment, and realizing harmony between people and nature.
Land Use Planning in Liaohe Conservation Area Based on Land Suitability Analysis
KONG Weijing, MENG Wei, ZHANG Yuan, SONG Yonghui, WANG Yihan, YAO Yihan
2013, 3(6): 472-480. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2013.06.073
Abstract(2223) PDF(2484KB)(1012)
Abstract:
To protect the riverine integrity and meet people’s use for river, land use planning was made based on land suitability analysis in Liaohe Conservation Area. The river system was classified longitudinally and laterally based on the riverine physical features, e.g. sinuosity. The whole Liaohe main river was classified into 8 segments in the longitudinal direction and 4 zones in the lateral direction. Land use planning in Liaohe Conservation Area showed that there were altogether 11 land types, including land for riparian biodiversity conservation, land for river estuary wetland, land for production, land for water quality control into mainstream, land for dam flood-proof safety, land for river channel, land for high eco-function wetland, land for risk-reduction of danger works and danger section, land for ecological water surface landscape, land for reservoir wetland and land for urban landscape, respectively accounting for 38.71%, 22.56%, 12.17%, 7.85%, 4.20%, 3.62%, 3.22%, 2.79%, 1.89%, 1.88% and 1.12% of the whole area. Nearly 80 percent of the whole area was used for land related to aquatic habitat which could embody the function orientation of the river conservation area.
Analysis of Landscape Patterns in Liaohe Conservation Area
WANG Siyu, DUAN Liang, SONG Yonghui, GAO Hongjie, SUN Chen
2013, 3(6): 481-485. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2013.06.074
Abstract(2422) PDF(1921KB)(1197)
Abstract:
A primary analysis of landscape patterns in Liaohe Conservation Area was carried out based on the remote sensing data and applying GIS techniques. Detailed investigation on land use types of the conservation area was conducted. The results show that the farmland is the main land use type in the conservation area, where the basic farmland is in the large proportion. The conservation area is also dotted with rural settlements. Both the rural settlements and the farmland are the negative factors causing the non-point source pollution. Attention should be paid to the development of the farmland to ecological agriculture and green agriculture, to the reduction of the industrial and transportation construction land area, and to the protection of the water, animal and plant resources. Focusing on the principles of natural ecology and gradually recovering various plant types should be helpful to the survival and population fluctuation of the water birds and small mammals, as well as the maintenance of the biodiversity of the Liaohe River.
Liaohe Conversation Area Treatment and Protection of Research Topics
Technologies of River Barrier Clearance in Liaohe Conservation Area
LIU Xiaoling, DUAN Liang, SONG Yonghui, LIU Yaping
2013, 3(6): 486-492. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2013.06.075
Abstract(2409) PDF(2027KB)(821)
Abstract:
Floods frequently occurred in Liaohe River in the the years. Although the work of river barrier clearance had been performed for several times, the illegal water-blocking barriers still increased, flood risks and safety in Liaohe River have attracted more and more attention. The history of river barrier clearance in Liaohe Conservation Area was analyzed; and the scope and objectives of river barrier clearance was established, based on the reconnaissance results of Liaohe River course. Also, the barriers clearance technology was studied in Liaohe River course, and the effects were discussed. Measures for implementing on the river barrier clearance were proposed, with respect to the problems found in the research. River course recovery is one of the main approaches to solve the flood safety problems, which help to achieve the win-win of flood safety and ecological security in Liaohe Conservation Area.
Research on Flood Control Capacity Improvement Engineering for Liaohe Conservation Area
FENG Xinwei, LIN Qi, DUAN Liang, SONG Yonghui
2013, 3(6): 493-497. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2013.06.076
Abstract(2406) PDF(655KB)(1263)
Abstract:
Against the problems of siltation caused Liaohe River main channel rising, flood control ability decreasing, and flood threat to embankments during flood season, a river dredging engineering and comprehensive treatment program was proposed. The dredging scope of critical river in Liaohe was designated, five dredging sections of Liuhe-Kalima-Liujianfang-Panshan Dike-Shuguang Bridge and Shifosi Dam-Lujia Bridge were designed, and the dredging quantity was calculated and verified by overlapping the designed and the present sections. The total dredging length is 194.79 km, and the dredging quantity is 63.7×106 m3. Furthermore, the ecological man-agement to the embankments of Liaohe River was designed, which covers a shoreline length of 1 064 km, and an engineering length of 625.6 km. As a result, a comprehensive target was achieved by stabilizing the river and eliminating the critical risk levee sections.
Research on the Governance of Critical Levee Section in Liaohe Conservation Area
FENG Xinwei, LIU Ruixia, LI Bin, DUAN Liang, ZHANG Xiaomeng, SONG Yonghui
2013, 3(6): 498-502. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2013.06.077
Abstract(2276) PDF(627KB)(1152)
Abstract:
Through a thorough investigation and cause analyses on the critical Levee sections of the Liaohe River, and the evolution analysis of the water courses, the Makovieve method, the bankfull level method, the guaranteed rate of dominant discharge method and the main flood season average monthly flow method were used to calculate the river dominant discharge, respectively. The regulation river width was determined based on the calculations using the main channel average width of previous years method, empirical formula method and the water course width under current river dominant discharge method, full considerations of the characteristics of each river section, the coordination of up- and down- streams, as well as leaving space for the evolution of the river. With regard to the both banks ? gentle or steep bank, a comprehensive governance technology on critical levee section was proposed, which could provide technical supports to the flood control system of Liaohe River.
Study on the Measures of Natural Habitat Restoration in the Mainstream of Liaohe Conservation Area
TU Xiang, PENG Jianfeng, DUAN Liang, SONG Yonghui, GAO Hongjie
2013, 3(6): 503-507. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2013.06.078
Abstract(2017) PDF(756KB)(689)
Abstract:
Due to the overdevelopment of natural resources and pollutant emission in the mainstream of Liaohe River, a series of ecological problems were caused including cutoff of mainstream, deterioration of water quality, and degrading of biodiversity. In order to restore natural habitat of the mainstream and improve the ecology and environment of Liaohe River, three kinds of concrete implement projects and measures were provided including vegetation recovery in mainstream, restoration of wildlife habitat, and agricultural non-point source pollution control in the bottomland. The natural habitat restoration depended on the construction and restoration of all kinds of wetlands in the mainstream of Liaohe River, which also considered natural and social conditions, economic development level, and current restoration techniques.
Environmental Industry Policy and Management
Effects of Pollution Abatement Policy on Employment
DU Wencui, TIAN Xiaogai, ZHOU Chenghua, YANG Hao
2013, 3(6): 508-513. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2013.06.079
Abstract(2446) PDF(899KB)(801)
Abstract:
The impact of pollution abatement policy on economic development and employment is one of the most important problems concerned by local governments. The effect of pollution abatement on employment was investigated using data from 30 regions in China from 2005 to 2010. It was found that pollution reduction by project had no significant effect on the employment. Either pollution reduction by restructuring or pollution reduction by management is good for the employment. Therefore, there is no need for local governments to excessively worry about the negative impact of pollution abatement on employment. On the contrary, the pollution abatement policy should be made full use of to promote employment.
Evaluation of the Technologies for EMM Industry Pollution Control
LI Xuhua, ZHOU Changbo, ZHU Ningfang, WANG Fan, DANG Chunge, FANG Gang
2013, 3(6): 514-518. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2013.06.080
Abstract(2416) PDF(650KB)(865)
Abstract:
The pollution control technologies of electrolytic manganese metal (EMM) both at home and abroad were analyzed and evaluated, and the evaluation index system of EMM pollution control technologies in China established. The weights of evaluation indexes were determined, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was selected as the evaluation method, and the best available technology (BAT) list for EMM industry pollution control screened out. The results can provide the technical support for the guidance document of Guideline on Best Available Technologies of Pollution Prevention and Control for EMM Industry.
Water Pollution Control Technology and Resource Utilization
Qualitative Analysis of Organic Pollutants in Key Receiving Waterbody of Effluents from Printing and Dyeing Industries in Liaohe River Basin
ZHANG Xiaomeng, LI Bin, SHAN Yongping, LIU Ruixia, ZENG Ping, SONG Yonghui, YANG Yongzhe
2013, 3(6): 519-526. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2013.06.081
Abstract(2513) PDF(838KB)(918)
Abstract:
The key receiving waterbody of effluents discharged from printing and dyeing industries in the Liaohe River Basin was identified based upon the national statistic data of the industrial pollution census. The SPE-GC-MS technique was used to qualitatively determine organic pollutants in effluents from a local integrated wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) within the textile industrial park and also from different sampling sites along the freshwater. The results show that the Haicheng River is a key receiving waterbody for the effluents discharged from printing and dyeing industries. There are 48 organic pollutants in the effluent, which mainly include types of N-heterocycles, aliphatic amines, substituted benzenes and alchohols. The diversity of organic pollutants is also observed in each selected section of the Haicheng River, and in the site of downstream, the majority of pollutants is composed of N-heterocycles and substituted benzenes. There are 9 well-known toxic pollutants, i.e. dimethyl phthalate(DMP), dibutyl phthalate(DBP), di-n-octyl phthalate, p-xylene, aniline, p-dichlorobenzene, 4-methyl nitrobenzene, dinitrotoluene and naphthaline that are in both US EPA and Chinese priority pollutant list.
The Application of Sustained-release Dephosphorization Tablets to a Small Wastewater Treatment Plant
XU Chunlian, WANG Wenjun, HU Xuedong, WU Shaowei, DAI Jiankun, KONDOU Munehiro
2013, 3(6): 527-531. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2013.06.082
Abstract(2297) PDF(606KB)(614)
Abstract:
Sustained-release dephosphorization tablet is a new type of aluminum salt inorganic compound flocculent, which can be slowly dissolved under the effect of scouring water while maintaining a certain intensity and shape. The characteristic and treatment effect of sustained-release dephosphorization tablets were studied through the application of sustained-release dephosphorization tablets to the wastewater treatment plant for the A/O process. Results show that the dosing equipment of sustained-release dephosphorization tablets is simple to use and easy to maintain. The tablets are suitable to phosphorus removal of small wastewater treatment plants. Under the condition of an average tablets dosage of 2 pieces per cubic meter in wastewater, the final effluent concentration of TP is 0.52-1.80 mg/L and the removal rate is 82%-87%.
Biological and Ecological Engineering and Recovery Technology
Study on Yili River Valley Area Ecological Carrying Capacity Based on GIS
CHEN Chen, ZHANG Zhe, WANG Wenjie, LIU Junhui, WANG Wei, LIU Xiaofu
2013, 3(6): 532-539. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2013.06.083
Abstract(2235) PDF(2243KB)(669)
Abstract:
Based on the ecological carrying capacity (ECC) theory and using GIS technique, the ECC of Yili River Valley area was quantitatively evaluated and the spatial distribution analyzed. The results show that the ECC of Yili River Valley area could be bearable generally, but there were significant differences in spatial distribution, with the ECC of northwest and southeast regions being higher than northeast and southwest regions. The ECC of Yining City and Yining County was far beyond ecological load, while that of Tekesi and Zhaosu County was in an ideal state. In view of regional topographical characteristics, the situation of ecosystem overload aggravated from mountainous to hilly to plain areas, the main factors that lead to the differences of ECC were forest resources, grassland resources and water resources, while the dense population, pollution load and natural resource consumption of urbanization and industrialization development were the primary driving forces of serious overloading of ECC.
Chemical and Ecotoxicological Assessment of Environmental Risk Analysis
Discussions on GHS Classification of New Chemical Substances Hazardous to Aquatic Environment
LU Ling, SUN Jinye, MAO Yan, GE Haihong, YU Xiangyi, DU Gang, ZHAO Xiaojin
2013, 3(6): 540-546. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2013.06.084
Abstract(2377) PDF(922KB)(1334)
Abstract:
In order to facilitate the technical implementation of GHS system in China, on the basis of the classification of new chemical substances hazardous to aquatic environment that have been registered in the period 2004-2012 by means of regular (normal) application, the methods for GHS classification of new chemical substances hazardous to aquatic environment were discussed. The application of GHS classification standards, the selection of data, the classification procedure, the identification of hazards and the statement of classification conclusions were elaborated, the classification methods of common but hard-to-test new chemical substances analyzed, and the technical problems relative to classification defined.
GLP Development, Characteristics and Challenges for Testing of Industrial Chemicals in China
LIU Chunxin, YU Lina, NIE Jinglei, YANG Li, CHEN Lin, LAN Xiaofeng, ZHANG Mengsha
2013, 3(6): 547-550. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-991X.2013.06.085
Abstract(2568) PDF(637KB)(1252)
Abstract:
The Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) development for testing of industrial chemicals in China was reviewed and the outlines of MEP and CNCA GLP systems introduced. Comparing the two GLP systems with OECD GLP Principles, the similarities and differences were discussed. The Chinese term of GLP by MEP and its issues were also interpreted. In order to improve the data quality and integrity for environmental management of chemicals, the MEP GLP system covers all contents of OECD GLP Principles in management system. Additionally, MEP GLP emphasizes the laboratory’s technical capacity, and inserts the technical assessment requirements into its GLP. The problems and challenges on establishment, understanding and implementation of GLP in test facilities of industrial chemicals were analyzed. It is suggested to accentuate laboratory training and its efficiency, increase international communication and bring up a fine set of GLP experts, and improve GLP monitoring systems. It is also proposed to improve laboratory’s technical capacity and management level by inter-laboratory competency comparison and laboratory supervision in compliance with the GLP regulations.

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