Volume 11 Issue 4
Jul.  2021
Turn off MathJax
Article Contents
Article Navigation >  Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology  > 2021  >  11(4): 631-646
LIU Yanju, YANG Zheng, LIU Qingyang, QI Xuekui, ZHANG Tingting, WANG Xinxin, ZHU Minghao. Chemical pollution characteristics of PM10and PM2.5 during heavy air pollution in spring and winter in four functional areas of Beijing and their associated influencing factors[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2021, 11(4): 631-646. doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20200214
Citation: LIU Yanju, YANG Zheng, LIU Qingyang, QI Xuekui, ZHANG Tingting, WANG Xinxin, ZHU Minghao. Chemical pollution characteristics of PM10and PM2.5 during heavy air pollution in spring and winter in four functional areas of Beijing and their associated influencing factors[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology, 2021, 11(4): 631-646. doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20200214
shu

Chemical pollution characteristics of PM10and PM2.5 during heavy air pollution in spring and winter in four functional areas of Beijing and their associated influencing factors

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20200214
  • 1.

    Beijing Milu Ecological Research Center

  • 2.

    Beijing Physical and Chemical Analysis Center

  • 3.

    College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University

  • Received Date: 2020-08-28
  • Publish Date: 2021-07-20
    Abstract
  • PM10 and PM2.5 samples were sampled at four sites located in four functional regions of Beijing, including West 3-Ring Road (traffic site), Huayuan North Road (commercial area), Changping countryside (rural area), and Milu Park (suburban area), during four heavy pollution processes in spring and winter, 2015. Principal components analysis (PCA) was used to analyze the sources of PM10and PM2.5 obtained from the four sampling sites. The pollution characteristic of chemical components, including ten water-soluble ions, organic carbon/element carbon, 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and seven heavy metal elements (Zn, Mn, Pb, Ni, Cu, Cr and As), were analyzed. Combined with meteorological conditions and back trajectory, the meteorological influencing factors and the differences of particulate matter chemical compositions of several typical pollution events were discussed. The results showed that the daily-average PM10 and PM2.5concentrations of West 3-Ring Road on April 9 and 15, Huayuan North Road on March 16-17, Changping rural area on November 12-16, and Milu Park on March 28-29 were greater than 200 and 100 μg/m 3, respectively, which exceeded the Class Ⅱ concentration limits in Ambient Air Quality Standards (GB 3095-2012), and belonged to heavy pollution weathers. The major chemical components in the particulate matter at the four sampling sites were secondary water-soluble ions NO 3 - , SO 4 2 - , NH 4 + and secondary organic carbon (SOC). PAHs in the particles were mainly 4-6 rings, and the heavy metals were mainly Zn and Mn.About 50%-95% of water-soluble ions, 43%-93% of PAHs and 44%-97% of seven heavy metals in the four functional areas were concentrated in PM2.5. The chemical components of particulate matter in different functional areas featured in their own chemical characteristics. Higher fractions of water-soluble ions were observed for NO 3 - at West 3-Ring Road, Cl- and NH 4 + at Huayuan North Road, NH 4 + at Changping countryside and Ca2+ at Milu Park. In addition, greater fractions of particulate matters were found for PAHs in Huayuan North Road, and Ni and PAHs in Changping rural site. During the sampling period, the major sources contributing to PM10and PM2.5 were coal combustion, mobile and secondary sources, as well as biomass sources.

     

    • FullText(HTML)
  • loading
    • References(86)
  • [1]
    GHAREHCHAHI E, MAHVI A H, AMINI H, et al. Health impact assessment of air pollution in Shiraz,Iran:a two-part study[J]. Journal of Environmental Health Science and Engineering, 2013, 11(1):11-18.
    doi: 10.1186/2052-336X-11-11
    [2]
    PHUNG D, HIEN T T, LINH H N, et al. Air pollution and risk of respiratory and cardiovascular hospitalizations in the most populous city in Vietnam[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2016, 557/558:322-330.
    doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.070
    [3]
    ALLEN R W, GOMBOJAV E, BARKHASRAGCHAA B, et al. An assessment of air pollution and its attributable mortality in Ulaanbaatar,Mongolia[J]. Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health, 2013, 6(1):137-150.
    doi: 10.1007/s11869-011-0154-3
    [4]
    LI G, XUE M, ZENG Q, et al. Association between fine ambient particulate matter and daily total mortality:an analysis from 160 communities of China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 599/600:108-113.
    doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.010
    [5]
    ÇAPRAZ Ö, DENIZ A, DOGAN N. Effects of air pollution on respiratory hospital admissions in Istanbul,Turkey,2013 to 2015[J]. Chemosphere, 2017, 181:544-550.
    doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.105
    [6]
    MEHTA S, SHIN H, BURNETT R, et al. Ambient particulate air pollution and acute lower respiratory infections:a systematic review and implications for estimating the global burden of disease[J]. Air Quality, Atmosphere and Health, 2013, 6(1):69-83.
    doi: 10.1007/s11869-011-0146-3
    [7]
    TIAN Y, XIANG X, JUAN J, et al. Fine particulate air pollution and hospital visits for asthma in Beijing,China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2017, 230:227-233.
    doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.029
    [8]
    TAM W W S, WONG T W, WONG A H S. Association between air pollution and daily mortality and hospital admission due to ischaemic heart diseases in Hong Kong[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2015, 120:360-368.
    doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.08.068
    [9]
    LIU H, TIAN Y, SONG J, et al. Effect of ambient air pollution on hospitalization for heart failure in 26 of China’s largest cities[J]. American Journal of Cardiology, 2018, 121(5):628-633.
    doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.11.039
    [10]
    HOEK G, KRISHNAN R M, BEELEN R, et al. Long-term air pollution exposure and cardio-respiratory mortality:a review[J]. Environmental Health, 2013, 12(1):43-58.
    doi: 10.1186/1476-069X-12-43
    [11]
    TAN S C, SHI G Y, WANG H, et al. Long-range transport of spring dust storms in Inner Mongolia and impact on the China seas[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2012, 46(1):299-308.
    doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.09.058
    [12]
    刘艳菊, 韩同林, 庞健峰, 等. 北京地区盐碱尘暴粉尘物质的主要来源[J]. 地质通报, 2010, 29(5):713-722.

    LIU Y J, HAN T L, PANG J F, et al. Origin of the salt dust storm,Beijing,China[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2010, 29(5):713-722.
    [13]
    CAO J J, WANG Q Y, CHOW J C, et al. Impacts of aerosol compositions on visibility impairment in Xi’an,China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2012, 59:559-566.
    doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.05.036
    [14]
    李令军, 王占山, 张大伟, 等. 2013—2014年北京大气重污染特征研究[J]. 中国环境科学, 2016, 36(1):27-35.

    LI L J, WANG Z S, ZHANG D W, et al. Analyis of heavy air pollution episodes in Beijing during 2013-2014[J]. China Environment Science, 2016, 36(1):27-35.
    [15]
    JIANG C, WANG H, ZHAO T, et al. Modeling study of PM2.5 pollutant transport across cities in China’s Jing-Jin-Ji Region during a severe haze episode in December 2013[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 2015, 15(10):5803-5814.
    doi: 10.5194/acp-15-5803-2015
    [16]
    程念亮, 张大伟, 陈添, 等. 2015年北京市两次红色预警期间PM2.5浓度特征[J]. 环境科学, 2016, 37(7):2409-2418.

    CHENG N L, ZHANG D W, CHEN T, et al. Concentration characteristics of PM2.5 in Beijing during two red alert periods [J]. Environmental Science, 2016, 37(7):2409-2418.
    [17]
    毛小平, 吴冲龙, 辛广柱. 北京市冬季空气污染来源及成因分析[J]. 地学前缘, 2017, 24(5):434-442.

    MAO X P, WU C L, XIN G Z. Source and formation mechanism of the winter air pollution in Beijing[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2017, 24(5):434-442.
    [18]
    LIU Y, ZHANG T, LIU Q, et al. Seasonal variation of physical and chemical properties in TSP,PM10 and PM2.5 at a roadside site in Beijing and their influence on atmospheric visibility[J]. Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 2014, 14(3):954-969.
    doi: 10.4209/aaqr.2013.01.0023
    [19]
    LIU Q Y, BAUMGARTNER J, de FOY B, et al. A global perspective on national climate mitigation priorities in the context of air pollution and sustainable development[J]. City and Environment Interactions, 2019, 1:100003.
    doi: 10.1016/j.cacint.2019.100003
    [20]
    LIU Q Y, LU Z, XIONG Y, et al. Oxidative potential of ambient PM2.5 in Wuhan and its comparisons with eight areas of China[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2020, 701:134844.
    doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134844
    [21]
    CLAIBORN C S, FINN D, LARSON T V, et al. Windblown dust contributes to high PM2.5 concentrations[J]. Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association, 2000, 50(8):1440-1445.
    doi: 10.1080/10473289.2000.10464179
    [22]
    RODIGUEZ S, QUEROL X, ALASTUEY A, et al. Comparative PM10-PM2.5 source contribution study at rural,urban and industrial sites during PM episodes in Eastern Spain[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2004, 328(1):95-113.
    doi: 10.1016/S0048-9697(03)00411-X
    [23]
    QUAN J, ZHANG Q, HE H, et al. Analysis of the formation of fog and haze in North China Plain (NCP)[J]. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions, 2011, 11(4):11911-11937.
    [24]
    HAN S Q, WU J H, ZHANG Y F, et al. Characteristics and formation mechanism of a winter haze-fog episode in Tianjin,China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2014, 98:323-330.
    doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.08.078
    [25]
    刘端阳, 濮梅娟, 严文莲, 等. 淮河下游连续雾-霾及转换成因分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014, 34(7):1673-1683.

    LIU D Y, PU M J, YAN W L, et al. Study on the formation and the cause of the fog-haze transformation in the lover reaches of Huaihe River[J]. China Environmental Science, 2014, 34(7):1673-1683.
    [26]
    CHOI J H, KIM J S, KIM Y C, et al. Comparative study of PM2.5- and PM10-induced oxidative stress in rat lung epithelial cells[J]. Journal of Veterinary Science, 2004, 5(1):11.
    doi: 10.4142/jvs.2004.5.1.11
    [27]
    ZHANG Y S, MA G X, YU F, et al. Health damage assessment due to PM2.5 exposure during haze pollution events in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region in January 2013[J]. National Medical Journal of China, 2013, 93(34):2707-2710.
    [28]
    KHEIRBEK I, HANEY J, DOUGLAS S, et al. The contribution of motor vehicle emissions to ambient fine particulate matter public health impacts in New York City:a health burden assessment[J]. Environmental Health, 2016, 15(1):89.
    doi: 10.1186/s12940-016-0172-6
    [29]
    黄丽坤, 王广智, 王琨. 哈尔滨市沙尘期大气颗粒物物化特征及传输途径分析[J]. 中国环境科学, 2014, 34(8):1920-1926.

    HUANG L K, WANG G Z, WANG K. Physicochemical characteristics and long-range transportation of atmospheric particulates during a dust storm episode in Harbin,China[J]. China Environmental Science, 2014, 34(8):1920-1926.
    [30]
    王占山, 李云婷, 李倩, 等. 基于大气超级站观测的2017年5月北京市沙尘天气过程分析[J]. 中国环境监测, 2017, 33(5):28-34.

    WANG Z S, LI Y T, LI Q, et al. Analysis on a dust pollution event in Beijing in May,2017 based on the observation of an atmospheric supersite[J]. Environmental Monitoring in China, 2017, 33(5):28-34.
    [31]
    YANG Y J, ZHOU R, YAN Y, et al. Seasonal variations and size distributions of water-soluble ions of atmospheric particulate matter at Shigatse,Tibetan Plateau[J]. Chemosphere, 2016, 145:560-567.
    doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.11.065
    [32]
    魏宸. 大气颗粒物中S O 4 2 - 、N O 3 - 和气态SO2、NOx的分布特征与降雨清除[D]. 南昌:南昌大学, 2017:4-7.
    [33]
    ARIMOTO R, DUCE R A, SAVOIE D L, et al. Relationships among aerosol constituents from Asia and the North Pacific during Pem-West[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, 1996, 101(D1):2011-2023.
    doi: 10.1029/95JD01071
    [34]
    YAO X, CHAN C K, FANG M, et al. The water-soluble ionic composition of PM2.5 in Shanghai and Beijing,China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2002, 36(26):4223-4234.
    doi: 10.1016/S1352-2310(02)00342-4
    [35]
    XIAO H Y, LIU C Q. Chemical characteristics of water-soluble components in TSP over Guiyang,SW China,2003[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2004, 38(37):6297-6306.
    doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.08.033
    [36]
    ZHAO D, WANG A. Estimation of anthropogenic ammonia emissions in asia[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 1994, 28(4):689-694.
    doi: 10.1016/1352-2310(94)90045-0
    [37]
    KANG H, ZHU B, SU J, et al. Analysis of a long-lasting haze episode in Nanjing,China[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2013, 120/121:78-87.
    doi: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2012.08.004
    [38]
    谢伶莉, 陈臣, 张兆年, 等. 浅析宜昌市城区PM2.5污染特征及防治对策研究[J]. 环境科学与管理, 2014, 39(6):64-66.

    XE L L, CHEN C, ZHANG Z N, et al. Preliminary analysis on pollution characteristics and prevention countermeasures of PM2.5 in Yichang [J]. Environmental Science and Management, 2014, 39(6):64-66.
    [39]
    李杏茹, 程玲珑, 刘雨思, 等. 临安本底站PM2.5和PM10中水溶性无机离子的污染特征[J]. 首都师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2016, 37(5):46-52.

    LI X R, CHENG L L, LIU Y S, et al. Characteristics of water-soluble inorganic ions in PM2.5 and PM10 conducted in Lin’an City in 2009 [J]. Journal of Capital Normal University(Natural Science Edition), 2016, 37(5):46-52.
    [40]
    沈振兴, 李丽珍, 杜娜, 等. 西安市春季大气细粒子的质量浓度及其水溶性组分的特征[J]. 生态环境, 2007, 16(4):1193-1198.

    SHEN Z X, LI L Z, DU N, et al. Mass concentration and water-soluble ions in spring aerosol(PM2.5) at Xi’an [J]. Ecology and Environment, 2007, 16(4):1193-1198.
    [41]
    SHAO P Y, TIAN H Z, SUN Y J, et al. Characterizing remarkable changes of severe haze events and chemical compositions in multi-size airborne particles (PM1,PM2.5 and PM10) from January 2013 to 2016-2017 winter in Beijing,China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2018, 189:133-144.
    doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.06.038
    [42]
    刀谞, 张霖琳, 王超, 等. 京津冀冬季与夏季PM2.5/PM10及其水溶性离子组分区域性污染特征分析[J]. 环境化学, 2015, 34(1):60-69.

    DAO X, ZHANG L L, WANG C, et al. Characteristics of mass and ionic compounds of atmospheric particles in winter and summer of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area,China[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2015, 34(1):60-69.
    [43]
    CHOW J C, WATSON J G, LU Z, et al. Descriptive analysis of PM2.5 and PM10 at regionally representative locations during SJVAQS/AUSPEX[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 1996, 30(12):2079-2112.
    doi: 10.1016/1352-2310(95)00402-5
    [44]
    樊晓燕, 温天雪, 徐仲均, 等. 北京大气颗粒物碳质组分粒径分布的季节变化特征[J]. 环境化学, 2013, 32(5):742-747.

    FAN X Y, WEN T X, XU Z J, et al. Charactersitcs and size distributions of organic and element carbon of atmospheric particulate matters in Beijing,China[J]. Environmental Chemistry, 2013, 32(5):742-747.
    [45]
    WATSON J G, CHOW J C, LU Z, et al. Chemical mass balance source apportionment of PM10 during the Southern California air quality study[J]. Aerosol Science and Technology, 1994, 21(1):1-36.
    doi: 10.1080/02786829408959693
    [46]
    SCHAUER J J, KLEEMAN M J, CASS G R, et al. Measurement of emissions from air pollution sources:4. C1-C27 organic compounds from cooking with seed oils[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2002, 36(4):567-575.
    doi: 10.1021/es002053m
    [47]
    HILDERMANN L M, MARKOWSKI G R, CASS G R. Chemical composition of emissions from urban sources of fine organic aerosol[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 1991, 25(4):744-759.
    doi: 10.1021/es00016a021
    [48]
    CHEN Y J, ZHI G R, FENG Y L, et al. Measurements of emission factors for primary carbonaceous particles from residential raw-coal combustion in China[J]. Geophysical Research Letters, 2006, 33(20):1-4.
    [49]
    SHEESKEY R J, SCHAUER J J, CHOWDHUYR Z, et al. Characterization of organic aerosols emitted from the combustion of biomass indigenous to south Asia[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research:Atmospheres, 2003, 108(D9):4285-4292.
    [50]
    程水源, 刘超, 韩力慧, 等. 北京市采暖期PM2.5中有机碳和元素碳的污染特征与来源解析[J]. 北京工业大学学报, 2014, 40(4):586-597.

    CHENG S Y, LIU C, HAN L H, et al. Characteristics and source apportionment of organic carbon and elemental carbon in PM2.5 during the heating season in Beijing [J]. Journal of Beijing University of Technology, 2014, 40(4):586-597.
    [51]
    XU Z J, WEN T X, LI X R, et al. Characteristics of carbonaceous aerosols in Beijing based on two-year observation[J]. Atmospheric Pollution Research, 2015, 6(2):202-208.
    doi: 10.5094/APR.2015.024
    [52]
    丁潇, 白志鹏, 韩斌, 等. 鞍山市大气PM10中多环芳烃(PAHs)的污染特征及其来源[J]. 环境科学研究, 2011, 24(24):162-171.

    DING X, BAI Z P, HAN B, et al. Pollution characteristics and source analysis of PAHs in PM10 in Anshan City [J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2011, 24(24):162-171.
    [53]
    赵雪艳, 任丽红, 姬亚芹, 等. 重庆主城区春季大气PM10及PM2.5中多环芳烃来源解析[J]. 环境科学研究, 2014, 27(12):1395-1402.

    ZHAO X Y, REN L H, JI Y Q, et al. Source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM10 and PM2.5 in spring in Chongqing [J]. Research of Environmental Sciences, 2014, 27(12):1395-1402.
    [54]
    李英红, 饶志国, 谭吉华, 等. 兰州大气细颗粒物中多环芳烃污染特征及来源分析[J]. 环境科学, 2016, 37(7):2428-2435.

    LI Y H, RAO Z G, TAN J H, et al. Pollutional characteristics and sources analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in atmospheric fine particulate matter in Lanzhou City[J]. Environmental Science, 2016, 37(7):2428-2435.
    [55]
    刘达峰. 北京市昌平地区2014年冬季颗粒物PM2.5中典型污染物分析[J]. 中国卫生检验杂志, 2016, 26(9):1315-1318.

    LIU D F. Analysis of typical pollutants in air fine particulate matter PM2.5 in Changping District of Beijing during the winter of 2014 [J]. Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology, 2016, 26(9):1315-1318.
    [56]
    LI X R, WANG Y S, GUO X Q, et al. Seasonal variation and source apportionment of organic and inorganic compounds in PM2.5 and PM10 particulates in Beijing,China[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2013, 25(4):741-750.
    doi: 10.1016/S1001-0742(12)60121-1
    [57]
    KONG S F, LU B, JI Y Q, et al. Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in size differentiated re-suspended dust on building surfaces in an oilfield city,China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2012, 55:7-16.
    doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.03.044
    [58]
    GU Z P, FENG J L, HAN W L, et al. Diurnal variations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons associated with PM2.5 in Shanghai,China[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2010, 22(3):389-396.
    doi: 10.1016/S1001-0742(09)60120-0
    [59]
    DUAN J C, BI X H, TAN J H, et al. Seasonal variation on size distribution and concentration of PAHs in Guangzhou City,China[J]. Chemosphere, 2007, 67(3):614-622.
    doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.08.030
    [60]
    董继元, 王金玉, 张格祥, 等. 兰州地区人群对多环芳烃的暴露及健康风险评价[J]. 生态环境学报, 2012, 21(2):327-332.

    DONG J Y, WANG J Y, ZHANG G X, et al. Population exposure to PAHs and the health risk assessment in Lanzhou City[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2012, 21(2):327-332.
    [61]
    SUN J, SHEN Z X, ZENG Y L, et al. Characterization and cytotoxicity of PAHs in PM2.5 emitted from residential solid fuel burning in the Guanzhong Plain,China[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018, 241:359-368.
    doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.076
    [62]
    王秦, 陈曦, 何公理, 等. 北京市城区冬季雾霾天气PM2.5中元素特征研究[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2013, 33(6):1441-1445.

    WANG Q, CHEN X, HE G L, et al. Study on characteristics of elements in PM2.5 during haze-fog weather in winter in urban Beijing [J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2013, 33(6):1441-1445.
    [63]
    CHOW J C, LOWENTHAL D H, CHEN L W A, et al. Mass reconstruction methods for PM2.5:a review[J]. Air Quality,Atmosphere and Health, 2015, 8(3):243-263.
    doi: 10.1007/s11869-015-0338-3
    [64]
    GUNAWARDANA C, GOONETILLEKE A, EGODAWATTA P, et al. Source characterisation of road dust based on chemical and mineralogical composition[J]. Chemosphere, 2012, 87(2):163-170.
    doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.12.012
    [65]
    SHAHEEN N, SHAH M H, JAFFAR M. A study of airborne selected metals and particle size distribution in relation to climatic variables and their source identification[J]. Water,Air and Soil Pollution, 2005, 164(1/2/3/4):275-294.
    doi: 10.1007/s11270-005-3542-1
    [66]
    ZHANG H. An assessment of heavy metals contributed by industry in urban atmosphere from Nanjing,China[J]. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2008, 154(1/2/3/4):451-458.
    doi: 10.1007/s10661-008-0411-6
    [67]
    PEREIRA P A P, LOPES W A, CARVALHO L S, et al. Atmospheric concentrations and dry deposition fluxes of particulate trace metals in Salvador,Bahia,Brazil[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2007, 41(36):7837-7850.
    doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.06.013
    [68]
    SUN Y L, ZHUANG G X, TANG A H, et al. Chemical characteristics of PM2.5 and PM10 in haze-fog episodes in Beijing[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2006, 40(10):3148-3155.
    doi: 10.1021/es051533g
    [69]
    韩力慧, 庄国顺, 程水源, 等. 北京地面扬尘的理化特性及其对大气颗粒物污染的影响[J]. 环境科学, 2009, 30(1):1-8.
    doi: 10.1021/es940683g

    HAN L H, ZHUANG G S, CHENG S Y, et al. Characteristics of re-suspended road dust and its significant effect on the air-borne particulate pollution in Beijing[J]. Environmental Science, 2009, 30(1):1-8. doi: 10.1021/es940683g
    [70]
    DUAN J C, TAN J H, WANG S L, et al. Size distributions and sources of elements in particulate matter at curbside,urban and rural sites in Beijing[J]. Journal of Environmental Sciences, 2012, 24(1):87-94.
    doi: 10.1016/S1001-0742(11)60731-6
    [71]
    LIN C C, CHEN S J, HUANG K L, et al. Characteristics of metals in nano/ultrafine/fine/coarse particles collected beside a heavily trafficked road[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2005, 39(21):8113-8122.
    doi: 10.1021/es048182a
    [72]
    BIRMILI W, ALLEN A G, BARY F, et al. Trace metal concentrations and water solubility in size-fractionated atmospheric particles and influence of road traffic[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2006, 40(4):1144-1153.
    doi: 10.1021/es0486925
    [73]
    王的, 冯海艳, 景慧敏. 北京市冬季、春季PM10和PM2.5中元素地球化学特征[J]. 地球科学进展, 2017, 32(8):850-858.

    WANG D, FENG H Y, JING H M. Elements’ geochemical characteristics of PM10 and PM2.5 in Beijing during winter and spring [J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2017, 32(8):850-858.
    [74]
    杨龙, 孙长虹, 李珊珊, 等. 典型行业环境地表灰尘重金属污染比较研究[J]. 环境工程, 2015, 33(2):122-125.

    YANG L, SUN C H, LI S S, et al. Comparative study on heavy metal pollution of surface dust in typical industrial environment[J]. Environmental Engineering, 2015, 33(2):122-125.
    [75]
    SHAO L Y, HU Y, SHEN R R, et al. Seasonal variation of particle-induced oxidative potential of airborne particulate matter in Beijing[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2017, 579:1152-1160.
    doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.11.094
    [76]
    LI S W, LI H B, LUO J, et al. Influence of pollution control on lead inhalation bioaccessibility in PM2.5:a case study of 2014 Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing[J]. Environment International, 2016, 94:69-75.
    doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.05.010
    [77]
    KAM S. “Beginning with the smallest intake”:children’s brain development and the role of neuroscience in global environmental health[J]. Neuron, 2017, 95(6):1242-1245.
    doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2017.08.009
    [78]
    AMIR A N A F, CAMERSON S F, von HIPPEL F A, et al. Manganese accumulates in the brain of northern quolls (Dasyurus hallucatus) living near an active mine[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018, 233:377-386.
    doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.088
    [79]
    TSAI T L, KUO C C, PAN W H, et al. The decline in kidney function with chromium exposure is exacerbated with co-exposure to lead and cadmium[J]. Kidney International, 2017, 92(3):710-720.
    doi: 10.1016/j.kint.2017.03.013
    [80]
    LI H, WAN Y J, CHEN X, et al. A multiregional survey of nickel in outdoor air particulate matter in China:implication for human exposure[J]. Chemosphere, 2018, 199:702-708.
    doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.01.114
    [81]
    AGARWAL A, MANGAL A, SATSANGI A, et al. Characterization,sources and health risk analysis of PM2.5 bound metals during foggy and non-foggy days in sub-urban atmosphere of Agra[J]. Atmospheric Research, 2017, 197:121-131.
    doi: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2017.06.027
    [82]
    LU Z J, LIU Q Y, XIONG Y, et al. A hybrid source apportionment strategy using positive matrix factorization (PMF) and molecular marker chemical mass balance (MM-CMB) models[J]. Environmental Pollution, 2018, 238:39-51.
    doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.02.091
    [83]
    LIU Q Y, BAUMGARTNER J, SCHAUER J J. Source apportionment of fine-particle,water-soluble organic nitrogen and its association with the inflammatory potential of lung epithelial cells[J]. Environmental Science and Technology, 2019, 53:9845-9854.
    doi: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02523
    [84]
    李涛, 程兵芬, 陈云波, 等. 红色预警期间北京市PM2.5浓度特征及应急措施效果评估[J]. 环境科学学报, 2017, 37(9):3262-3270.

    LI T, CHENG B F, CHEN Y B, et al. Characteristics and effects of emergency measures on the concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing during the red alerts in 2015 [J]. Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae, 2017, 37(9):3262-3270.
    [85]
    ZHANG Z, WANG W, CHENG M, et al. The contribution of residential coal combustion to PM2.5 pollution over China’s Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region in winter[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 2017, 159:147-161.
    doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.03.054
    [86]
    XU S, GE J. Sustainable shifting from coal to gas in North China:an analysis of resident satisfaction[J]. Energy Policy, 2020, 138:111296.
    doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111296
    • Relative Articles
    • Supplements(0)
    • Cited By
  • 加载中

Catalog

    通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
    • 1. 

      沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

    1. 本站搜索
    2. 百度学术搜索
    3. 万方数据库搜索
    4. CNKI搜索
    Get Citation
    PDF
    XML

    Article Metrics

    Article Views(649) PDF Downloads(96) Cited by()
    Proportional views
    Related

    Copyright © Editorial Department of Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

    京ICP备05031605号-2

    Supported by: Beijing Renhe Information Technology Co., Ltd.  

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return