Study on water quality criteria of copper in the Fen River based on biotic ligand model

Copper is one of the main pollutants in Fen River watershed. In order to accurately evaluate the ecological risk of copper exposure in the watershed, the toxicity data for native aquatic species in the Fen River watershed were investigated. The short-term and long-term water quality criteria of copper for the protection of aquatic organisms in the Fen River were obtained by using the biological ligand model method, which were 98.62 and 29.71 μg/L, respectively. According to the water quality criteria of copper, the risk assessment results showed that copper in Fen River water had no risk to aquatic organisms.