Spatial and temporal variation and impact factors analysis of ecosystem service value in low-mountain counties: taking Dexing City in Jiangxi Province as an example

Scientific assessment of ecosystem service value (ESV) and analysis of its temporal and spatial variation characteristics and impact factors are of great significance to ensure regional ecological security. Taking Dexing City, a typical low mountainous landscape, as an example, based on the remote sensing images in 2000, 2007, 2013 and 2018, the land use structure and dynamic changes were analyzed, the ESV was evaluated according to the equivalent factor coefficient correction method, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of ESV were described by using spatial auto-correlation and hot-spot analysis method, and the impact factors of ESV spatial variation were explored by using GeoDetector. The results showed that: From 2000 to 2018, forest land was the main land use type in Dexing City, accounting for more than 75% of the total area. The construction land area increased the most (2 230.38 hm²), forest land area decreased the most (2 763.54 hm²), and the unused land area changed the most drastically. The ESV of Dexing City decreased by 110 million yuan, and the total change was relatively stable. The ESV showed a spatial distribution pattern of low in the northwest and high in the southeast, and there was a significant spatial agglomeration effect. During the study period, the area with significant changes in ESV accounted for about 20% of the total area, and the ESV changes in local areas were relatively drastic. The spatial distribution of ESV was affected by both natural conditions and human activities, the interaction between two factors was higher than that of a single factor, and there were spatial differences in the strength of the impact factors. In the future development, Dexing City should pay attention to the protection of ecological land such as forest land and water area, revitalize the stock of construction land, improve the utilization efficiency of national land resources, optimize the layout of urban and rural construction land, and at the same time, adopt differentiated and precise ecological control measures for different regional characteristics.