Identification of key areas for ecological protection and restoration of county territorial space based on ecological security pattern: a case study in Yihuang County of Fuzhou City

In order to effectively realize the ecological protection and restoration of the territorial space, it is of great significance to explore the methods of constructing the ecological security pattern of the territorial space and identifying the key areas of ecological protection and restoration. Taking Yihuang County of Fuzhou City as an example, based on the basic framework of "ecological source-landscape resistance surface-ecological corridor", the ecological security pattern of territorial space was constructed. The Morphological Spatial Pattern Analysis (MSPA) model was used to identify ecological sources, and the evaluation results of ecological conservation importance were used as one of the indicators to construct the landscape comprehensive resistance surface. The minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model, gravity model and circuit theory were integrated to identify and extract ecological corridors. Then, based on the circuit theory, the ecological "pinch points" and obstacle points were identified, the key areas of ecological protection and restoration in the territorial space of Yihuang County were judged, the key areas to be repaired were partitioned, and restoration strategies were proposed. The results showed that there were 10 ecological sources and 19 ecological corridors, including 7 important ecological corridors and 12 general ecological corridors in Yihuang County. There were 20 ecological pinch points, 26 obstacle points and 38 key areas to be repaired, which were divided into 5 ecological restoration zones, including the ecological construction zone for agricultural land, the construction and maintenance area for urban green space, the river rehabilitation area, the maintenance and restoration area for ecological land, and the unimpeded area of road ecological corridor.