Development, application and prospect of cyanobacteria blooms control technology in lakes and reservoirs

Cyanobacteria blooms will cause a series of ecological environment problems such as the water supply system blockage, water odor, aquatic death, etc., and even threaten the safety of drinking water. Therefore, effective control technology is very important for the prevention and control of cyanobacteria blooms. The development history of cyanobacteria blooms control technology at home and abroad was summarized through literature research, and application scope, application situation, advantages and disadvantages of typical cyanobacteria blooms control technology were reviewed. The algal bloom control technology can be divided into physical algal control technology, chemical algal control technology and biological algal control technology. From the perspective of the time development of key words in technical literature, before 2010, foreign cyanobacteria bloom control technology mainly focused on chemical algal control technology such as flocculation and coagulation, and after 2010, it developed to biological algal control technology such as aquatic plant algal suppression. Before 2010, China's cyanobacteria bloom control technologies mainly focused on biological algal control technologies such as silver carp bighthys algae control and aquatic plant algae suppression. After 2010, physical algal control technologies such as ultrasonic and mechanical algal removal and chemical algal control technologies such as flocculation developed rapidly. After 2015, physical algal control technology further developed. Foreign cyanobacteria bloom control technology started from chemical algal control technology in the 1950s, and developed physical algal control technology such as ultrasonic wave and light wave after 2000, and mainly biological algal control and chemical algal control technology after 2010. Domestic cyanobacteria bloom control technology started from biological algal control technology for small water bodies in the 1980s, and gradually developed into mechanical algal removal technology (physical algal control technology) for large lakes and reservoirs after 2000. Physical algal control technology and chemical algal control technology have significant emergency effects, but physical algal control technology has disadvantages such as high cost and insufficient long-term performance, and chemical algal control technology has secondary pollution risk. However, the biological algal control technology has some ecological security problems, such as slow effect, risk of invasion of alien species, and risk of disturbance of ecosystem, so there are few practical application cases. In the future, the optimization, screening and demonstration application of cyanobacteria bloom control technology should be accelerated, and the integrated application of cyanobacteria bloom control technology with internal and external pollution control and water ecological restoration technologies should be carried out to improve the effect of cyanobacteria bloom control.