Ecological restoration of abandoned mines within giant panda habitat based on Maxent model and circuit theory

In order to improve the efficiency and pertinence of ecological restoration of abandoned mines in the habitat of giant pandas, based on Maxent model and circuit theory, the ecological restoration demonstration project area of abandoned mines within Giant Panda National Park (Ya'an region, Sichuan) was taken as the research zone. The suitable habitats for giant pandas and the main environmental variables affecting the habitat of giant pandas were analyzed, the ecological sources and ecological corridors were identified, and the corresponding ecological restoration strategies were proposed. The results showed that the distribution of bamboo for giant pandas, elevation, soil type, and soil thickness were the four main environmental variables affecting the habitat of giant pandas in the area, and the most suitable habitat conditions were the existence of bamboo for giant pandas, an elevation of 2 290-3 250 m, a soil type of dark brown soil or brown soil, and a soil thickness of 65-86 cm. The area of unsuitable and low-suitable areas accounted for 75.96% of the study area, and the area of unsuitable and low-suitable areas within the abandoned mines accounted for 92.23%. The suitable habitat of giant pandas was relatively fragmented. The study area had a large number of scattered ecological sources and long ecological corridors, and their distribution was affected by abandoned mines and other factors. During the ecological restoration of the abandoned mines in the area, it is necessary to start from the overall situation and environmental variables of the area, focusing on the restoration of the primary ecological sources and corridors in the Baoxing area and the Yingjing and Shimian areas. During the restoration process, it is necessary to consider the environmental variables that have a greater impact on the habitat of giant pandas, such as bamboo for food, elevation, soil type, and thickness, and refer to the most suitable habitat conditions as the target for restoration. After the restoration is completed, it is necessary to strengthen monitoring and management. This method can obtain the environmental conditions and distribution range of the suitable habitat of giant pandas, determine the key ecological restoration areas and restoration strategies, and improve the efficiency and quality of restoration, thus promoting the recovery and reproduction of rare wild animal populations such as giant pandas.