Ecological Risk Evaluation of Huabei Oilfield Based on remote sensing and DPSIR Models

As an important energy base, the development of oil fields is often associated with ecological damage to the surrounding environment. Ecological risk assessment of oil fields is an important means of achieving a balance between sustainable resource development and environmental protection. In this study, the central oil and gas extraction area in the Jizhong extraction zone of Huabei Oilfield is taken as the study area. The evaluation index system is constructed by combining remote sensing interpretation technology and geographic information system (GIS) tools. The DPSIR (Driving Force-Pressure-State-Influence-Response) model is used. The ecological risk in the study area is realized by using the Lagrange multiplier combined with the hierarchical analysis method-entropy weighting method with objective and subjective weighting, which results in the ecological risk level of the study area. The results show that the ecological risk of most of the study area is in the medium-low risk zone and the high risk zone shows a patchy distribution. The high-risk areas have high mining intensity, which leads to pollution load and thus affects the stability of ecosystems. The main environmental problems are landscape fragmentation, low vegetation cover, high mine-to-land ratio and soil salinization. Based on the evaluation results, the high-risk areas in the study area of Huabei Oilfield should be restored to vegetation planting in the wasteland after mining, adhere to the concept of green development, and realize the win-win situation of ensuring energy security and regional ecological resilience.