天津市近岸海域秋季浮游动物群落结构与环境因子相关性

师艳丽; 张依章; 闫祯; 常宝健; 张胜; 陈振宇; 平令文; 曹英杰

doi:10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210630

天津市近岸海域秋季浮游动物群落结构与环境因子相关性

doi: 10.12153/j.issn.1674-991X.20210630

师艳丽^2,,
张依章^{1, 2, ,},
闫祯²,
常宝健²,
张胜²,
陈振宇²,
平令文²,
曹英杰³

1.
中国环境科学研究院
2.
天津市滨海新区环境创新研究院
3.
中山大学环境科学与工程学院

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（42077154）

详细信息

作者简介:
师艳丽（1993—），女，助理工程师，主要从事水污染防治研究，2470209987@qq.com

通讯作者:
张依章（1981—），男，研究员，博士，主要从事流域水与物质循环研究，zhangyz@craes.org.cn

中图分类号: X55, X826
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- 文章访问数: 371
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-11-02
- 网络出版日期: 2022-11-25

Zooplankton community structure and its relationship with environmental factors in autumn in Tianjin coastal marine areas

1.
Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences
2.
Research Institute for Environmental Innovation (Binhai, Tianjin)
3.
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University

摘要

摘要:
浮游动物对海洋生态系统结构平衡起着重要的调节作用。为研究天津市近岸海域浮游动物分布及其与环境因子的关系，于2020年9月在天津市近岸海域设置16个采样点开展调查，采用生物多样性指数评价方法对浮游动物多样性进行评价，利用冗余分析法（RDA）和主成分分析法（PCA）分别对浮游动物多样性与水环境因子之间的关系以及天津市近岸海域主要水环境影响因子进行分析。结果表明：天津市近岸海域共监测到浮游动物18种，桡足类为主要类群，占浮游动物类群总量的50%；物种数量占比较多的为桡足类幼体（Copepodite larva）、近缘大眼剑水蚤（Corycaeus affinis）和桡足类无节幼虫〔Nauplius larva （Copepoda）〕；浮游动物Margalef丰富度指数（D）、Pielou均匀度指数（J）、Simpson优势度指数（C）和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数（H′）分别为1.37、0.71、0.36和1.31；RDA分析表明，悬浮物（SS）浓度与总生物量、D、J、H′均呈负相关，活性磷酸盐浓度与J、H'呈正相关，pH、盐度与C呈负相关，Chla、NH₄ ⁺-N浓度与C、J呈正相关，DO浓度与C、总生物量呈负相关，石油类浓度与C呈负相关；PCA分析显示，SS、Chla和NH₄ ⁺-N浓度是影响浮游动物多样性分布的主要因子。
- 天津市近岸海域 /
- 浮游动物 /
- 生物多样性指数 /
- 水环境因子
Abstract:
Zooplankton plays an important role in regulating the structural balance of marine ecosystem. In order to study the distribution of zooplankton in Tianjin coastal waters and its relationship with the environmental factors, a survey was carried out at 16 monitoring sites in Tianjin coastal waters in September 2020. The biodiversity index was used to evaluate the zooplankton diversity, redundancy analysis (RDA) and principal components analysis (PCA) were used to analyze the relationship between zooplankton diversity and water environment factors as well as the main water environment impact factors in Tianjin coastal waters, respectively. The results showed that 18 species of zooplankton were identified and Copepods were the main group, which accounting for 50% of the total zooplankton, and the dominant species were Copepodite larva, Corycaeus affinis and Nauplius larva (Copepoda). Margalef richness index (D), Pielou evenness index (J), Simpson dominance index(C) and Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H') were 1.37, 0.71, 0.36 and 1.31, respectively. RDA showed that suspended solids (SS) was negatively correlated with total biomass, D, J and H', respectively. The concentration of active phosphate was positively correlated with J and H', while pH and salinity were negatively correlated with the C. The concentrations of chlorophyll a and ammonia were positively correlated with C and J. The content of dissolved oxygen was negatively correlated with C and total biomass, while that of petroleum was negatively correlated with C. PCA showed that the main water environment factors affecting zooplankton diversity distribution in Tianjin coastal waters were suspended matter, chlorophyll a and ammonia.ll a and ammonia.
- Tianjin coastal marine areas /
- zooplankton /
- biodiversity index /
- water environment factors

HTML全文

图 1 天津市近岸海域浮游动物采样点分布

Figure 1. Distribution of zooplankton sampling sites in Tianjin coastal marine areas

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图 2 天津市近岸海域浮游动物多样性与环境因子RDA分析

Figure 2. RDA of zooplankton diversity and environmental factors in Tianjin coastal marine areas

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图 3 天津市近岸海域水环境因子PCA分析

Figure 3. PCA of water environment factors in Tianjin coastal marine areas

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表 1 D_y分级评价标准

Table 1. Evaluation standard for the biodiversity threshold classification

D_y	评价等级	多样性等级表述
<0.6	Ⅰ	较差
0.6~1.5	Ⅱ	一般
1.6~2.5	Ⅲ	较好
2.6~3.5	Ⅳ	丰富
>3.5	Ⅴ	非常丰富

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表 2 天津市近岸海域浮游动物物种名录

Table 2. List of zooplankton species in Tianjin coastal marine areas

所属类群	物种名称		物种数
所属类群	中文名称	拉丁名	物种数
浮游幼虫	桡足类无节幼虫	Nauplius larva (Copepoda)	11
	桡足类幼体	Copepodite larva	15
	瓣鳃类面盘幼虫	Viliger larva	6
	腹足纲幼体	Gastropoda larvae	3
	多毛类幼虫	Polychaeta larva	6
	蛇尾长腕幼虫	Ophiopluteus larva	2
毛颚类	强壮箭虫	Sagitta crassa	7
有尾类	异体住囊虫	Oikopleura dioica	5
桡足类	近缘大眼剑水蚤	Corycaeus affinis	14
	小拟哲水蚤	Paracalanus parvus	9
	针刺拟哲水蚤	Paracalanus aculeatus	2
	太平洋纺锤水蚤	Acartia pacifica	1
	强额拟哲水蚤	Paracalanus crassirostris	4
	拟长腹剑水蚤	Oithona similis	3
	挪威小毛猛水蚤	Microsetella norvegica	1
	腹针胸刺水蚤	Centropages abdominalis	1
	驼背隆哲水蚤	Acrocalanus gibber	1
原生动物	夜光虫	Noctiluca scientillans	9

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表 3 天津市近岸海域各采样点浮游动物多样性

Table 3. Diversity of zooplankton at monitoring sites in Tianjin coastal marine areas

采样点	物种数	生物多样性指数				总生物量/ （mg/m³）	D_y
采样点	物种数	D	H'	J	C	总生物量/ （mg/m³）	D_y
1	5	1.07	1.48	0.92	0.24	256	1.35
2	8	1.72	1.58	0.76	0.23	772	1.20
3	9	1.82	1.78	0.81	0.23	1 157	1.45
4	6	1.53	1.36	0.76	0.29	705	1.03
5	6	1.29	1.33	0.74	0.31	724	0.99
6	5	1.02	1.06	0.66	0.48	861	0.69
7	4	0.93	1.31	0.94	0.26	550	1.23
8	1	0	0	0	1.00	256
9	10	2.30	1.91	0.83	0.18	1 179	1.58
10	4	1.21	1.29	0.93	0.23	382	1.19
11	6	0.99	0.67	0.38	0.71	1 472	0.25
12	4	1.54	1.15	0.83	0.29	536	0.96
13	10	2.29	2.02	0.88	0.13	1 006	1.78
14	8	1.69	1.65	0.80	0.25	1 611	1.32
15	6	0.90	0.56	0.31	0.77	1 252	0.18
16	8	1.64	1.80	0.86	0.19	886	1.55
最大值	10	2.30	2.02	0.94	1.00	1 611	1.78
最小值	1	0	0	0	0.13	256	0.18
平均值	6	1.37	1.31	0.71	0.36	850	1.05

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