Achievements, problems and suggestions of planning environmental impact assessmentof national industrial park
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摘要:
作为加强产业园区污染防控和环境管理的重要抓手，规划环评制度给出了源头控制污染的最优解，但也面临执行率低的问题，难以有效发挥其刚性约束作用。通过对全国586个国家级产业园区规划环评成果进行调研，系统总结产业园区规划环评制度在健全环境管理体系、优化园区规模和布局、推动产业升级以及污染防治和生态环境保护等方面取得的成效，全面梳理规划环评工作开展过程中面临的实际问题，深入分析规划环评审查主体混乱、缺乏动态有效管理的根本原因。结合当前规划环评面临的形势和要求，提出加强顶层设计、明确审查主体、分类推进规划环评落实、利用数控平台强化有效监管等对策建议，切实提升产业园区规划环评效力。
Abstract:As an important starting point to strengthen pollution prevention and control and environmental management in industrial parks, the planning environmental impact assessment (EIA) system provides the optimal solution to control pollution from the source, but it also faces the problem of a low implementation rate, which makes it difficult to effectively exert rigid constraints. Through the investigation of the planning EIA results of 586 national industrial parks, the achievements of the industrial park planning EIA system in improving the environmental management system, optimizing the scale and layout of the parks, and promoting the industrial upgrading, pollution prevention and ecological environment protection were systematically summarized. In addition, the practical problems faced in the process of planning EIA were comprehensively sorted out, and the fundamental reasons for the confusion in planning EIA review subjects and the lack of dynamic and effective management were deeply analyzed. According to the current situation and requirements of the planning EIA, countermeasures and suggestions were put forward, such as strengthening the top-level design to clarify the review subject, promoting the implementation of the planning EIA by classification, and using the numerical control platform to strengthen effective supervision, so as to improve the effectiveness of the industrial park planning EIA.
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图 1 全国经开区和高新区规划环评部审情况
Figure 1. Planning EIA reviewed by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment for national economic development zones and high-tech zones in each province
表 1 国家级产业园区规划环评审查具体情况（部分）
Table 1. Planning EIA approval of national industrial parks
编号 园区设立情况 规划环评开展情况 名称 时间 规划环评审查情况 审查年份 G131003 秦皇岛经济技术开发区 1984年1月 环审〔2009〕34号 2009 G211007 大连经济技术开发区 1984年9月 环函〔2006〕340号 2006 G213016 大连保税区 1992年5月 环函〔2006〕340号 2006 G213017 辽宁大连出口加工区 2000年4月 环函〔2006〕340号 2006 G213018 大连大窑湾保税港区 2006年8月 环函〔2006〕340号 2006 G222010 长春高新技术产业开发区 1991年3月 环审〔2001〕86号 2001 G311083 上海化学工业经济技术开发区 2012年3月 环审〔2008〕335号 2008 G322016 无锡高新技术产业开发区 1992年11月 环审〔2009〕513号 2009 G331020 宁波经济技术开发区 1984年1月 环审〔2011〕278号 2011 G331109 宁波大榭开发区 1993年3月 环发〔1998〕196号、
环评函〔2007〕172号1998、2007 G331110 宁波石化经济技术开发区 2010年12月 环审（2008）87号、
环审（2011）278号2008、2011 G341022 合肥经济技术开发区 2000年2月 环审〔2007〕574号 2007 G341023 芜湖经济技术开发区 1993年4月 环审〔2003〕30号 2003 G341126 铜陵经济技术开发区 2011年4月 环评函〔2007〕1229号 2007 G341127 安庆经济技术开发区 2010年3月 环监函〔2005〕507号、
环评函〔2006〕324号2005、2006 G342020 合肥高新技术产业开发区 1991年3月 环审〔2008〕143号 2008 G351137 漳州招商局经济技术开发区 2010年4月 环审〔2011〕116号 2011 G353069 福州保税港区 2010年5月 环审〔2011〕165号 2011 G371029 烟台经济技术开发区 1984年1月 环审〔2008〕261号 2008 G421032 武汉经济技术开发区 1993年4月 环审〔2006〕219号 2006 G422031 武汉东湖新技术开发区 1991年3月 环审〔2006〕669号 2006 G441034 广州经济技术开发区 1984年12月 环审〔2004〕387号 2004 G441036 湛江经济技术开发区 1984年11月 环审〔2009〕245号（东海岛新区）、
环审〔2012〕51号（建成区）2009、2012 G442037 珠海高新技术产业开发区 1992年11月 环审〔2010〕128号 2010 G442040 中山火炬高技术产业开发区 1991年3月 环审〔2010〕426号 2010 G443102 广州南沙保税港区 2008年1月 环审〔2011〕390号 2011 G443107 广东珠海保税区 1996年11月 环审〔2010〕139号 2010 G443109 汕头经济特区保税区 1993年1月 环审〔2008〕524号 2008 G461188 海南洋浦经济开发区 1992年3月 环审〔2012〕311号 2012 G532048 昆明高新技术产业开发区 1992年11月 环审（2005）897号 2005 
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