Abstract: The high rate of urban surface hardening can lead to increased non-point source pollution, and thus affect the water quality of surface water. The fibrous biological blanket is a new technology to solve the urban non-point source pollution. It has the characteristics of low cost, fast construction, fast plant growth, high plant survival rate, good landscape effect and convenient management. It can effectively improve the stability of the river slope and intercept and purify the non-point source pollution. The structure and function of fiber biological blanket, purification effect and factors of affecting the purification effect were summarized. The directions and methods to improve the impact resistance of slope surface, the adaptability of soil, the improvement of material and structure and the reduction of maintenance cost were pointed out.