Abstract: The number and activity of oil-degrading microorganisms in oil contaminated soil are often insufficient due to the limitations of oil contaminants nature and soil environmental conditions, which lead to the reduction of their natural purification capacity and slow natural purification speed. A variety of in situ bioremediation enhancement technologies can improve the degradation ability of oil degradation microorganisms, including bioaugmentation, biostimulation, bioventing and microbial fuel cell (MFC). Bioaugmentation is the addition of high efficiency microorganisms, immobilized microorganisms, plant-microorganisms, etc. Biostimulation is theaddition of nutrients, biosurfactants, co-metabolism substrates, electron acceptors, etc. The mechanism, research and application status of various in situ bioremediation enhancement technologies were analyzed. It was further proposed that the applications of electro-bioremediation, MFC combined bioremediation and immobilized material nanoparticles should be the future research direction of the in situ bioremediation enhancement technologies.