雄安新区1995—2019年土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响
Effects of land-use change on ecosystem service values in Xiong’an New Area from 1995 to 2019
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摘要: 在对城市化可持续发展的研究中,城市生态系统服务价值(ecosystem service value,ESV)的时空研究具有重要意义。以雄安新区为例,基于1995年、2005年、2015年、2019年4期遥感影像,采用土地动态度、价值当量因子等方法对雄安新区土地利用变化及ESV进行分析。结果表明:1995—2019年,雄安新区耕地、建设用地变化较大,其面积占比分别从1995的70.55%和10.29%变为2019年的62.80%和20.30%;林地、水域、草地的面积占比较小,但变化幅度较剧烈。1995—2015年,研究区ESV减少了19.17亿元,总体呈下降趋势;2015—2019年呈上升趋势。空间上,雄安新区ESV较高的湿地生态系统面积呈先减少后逐渐增加的趋势,与总体ESV变化趋势一致。雄安新区ESV变化的最主要驱动因素是水域,在未来的城市化进程中,需要更加注重白洋淀的保护,促进生态-经济-社会的协调可持续发展。Abstract: In the study of sustainable development of urbanization, the spatiotemporal study of urban ecosystem service values (ESV) is of great significance. Taking Xiong’an New Area as an example, based on four remote sensing images from 1995 to 2019, the land use dynamics and the ESV of Xiong’an New Area were analyzed by using land dynamic degree and value equivalent factor. The results showed that: the cultivated land and construction land in Xiong’an New Area changed greatly from 1995 to 2019, and their proportions changed from 70.55% and 10.29% in 1995 to 62.80% and 20.30% in 2019, respectively; the proportion of woodland, waters and grassland was relatively small, but the range of changing was more dramatic. From 1995 to 2015, the ESV in the study area showed a decreasing trend, with a decrease of 1.917 billion yuan, and an increasing trend from 2015 to 2019. Spatially, the area of wetland ecosystems with higher ESV in Xiong’an New Area showed a trend of decreasing first and then gradually increasing, which was consistent with the ESV trend of Xiong’an New Area. In general, the main driving factor for the changing of ESV in Xiong’an New Area was water area. In the future urbanization process, Xiong’an New Area should pay more attention to the protection of Baiyangdian Lake and promote the coordinated and sustainable development of ecology-economic-society.