Abstract: The process of ecological environmental governance and protection in Liaohe River Basin since the 9th Five-Year Plan was systematically combed, and the main problems in water environment quality, water ecological restoration, water environmental management system and mechanism construction in Liaohe River Basin were analyzed. Based on the research results of Liaohe River project, under Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment, the “Five-in-One” management mode of “river basin overall planning (environmental management), classified source control (pollution control), collaborative management (environmental governance), systematic restoration (ecological restoration), industrial support (technological industrialization)” in Liaohe River Basin was summarized. According to the strategic requirements of highlighting green development, emphasizing scientific and technological support, and assisting high-quality economic development, combined with the characteristics of the large-scale heavy chemical industry cluster in Liaohe River Basin, some suggestions were made from the aspects of reasonably determining the objectives and assessment indicators of the 14th Five-Year Plan for water ecological environment protection in Liaohe River Basin, scientifically formulating “water environment, water resources, water ecology” (“Three Waters”) overall planning measures, improving the green development system, and strengthening scientific and technological support, etc., so as to continuously improve the ecological environment quality of the river basin.