Abstract: The commercialized food waste degradation agent and self-selected anti-acidification microbial consortium were adopted to produce liquid organic fertilizer from food waste. The impacts of different microbial agents on the solid-liquid transformation of substances in the process of preparing liquid organic fertilizer from food waste were compared and analyzed. The transformation law of organic matter, sugars, crude protein and other substances was expounded. The results indicated that both microbial agents could lower the content of organic matter and crude protein, and increase the content of liquid free amino acids in food waste. The best effect was inoculated with anti-acidification microbial consortium, and its solid organic matter and crude protein decreased 1.17% and 15.41%, respectively, which were 3.66 times and 1.66 times higher than those from food waste degradation agent group; when reacting for 96 h, the content of liquid free amino acids increased to 770.6 mg/L, which were 1.24 times higher than that from food waste degradation agent group. In the first 48 hours, the utilization rates of total sugar and reducing sugar both reached more than 91% in the liquid anti-acidification microbial consortium, but the both rates are only 28.52% for the kitchen waste biodegradable bacteria group. Therefore, anti-acidification microbial consortium could effectively promote the conversion of macromolecular organic matter into soluble micromolecular organic matter and free amino acids, which was expected to provide technical support for the preparation of high-value liquid organic fertilizer from food waste.