Abstract: Soil conservation is one of the regulation services provided by ecosystems, which plays an important role in maintaining ecological security. Taking Liaohe Conservation Area as the research object, based on China Soil Loss Equation (CSLE) model and Geodetector analysis, the temporal and spatial variation of soil conservation function and its influencing factors were analyzed. The results showed as follows: from 2010 to 2018, the soil erosion in Liaohe Conservation Area was mainly slight and mild erosion, the amount of soil erosion showed a decreasing trend, and the areas with serious soil erosion were mainly located on both sides and lower sections of the river. The function of soil conservation was increasing, and the areas with higher soil conservation were concentrated in the upper and middle sections of the river. The soil conservation function decreased at first then increased with the increase of rainfall and elevation, increased with the increase of slope and vegetation coverage, and decreased in the gradient of forest land, cultivated land, grassland and shrubwood. Landuse type was the dominant factor in the soil conservation pattern in Liaohe Conservation Area. The amount of soil conservation per unit area was the lowest, when the land use type was cultivated land, the rainfall was 657-735 mm, the slope was 35°-68°, the elevation was-73--26 m, and the vegetation coverage was 0-0.3. In this case, Besides, the combination of landuse type with slope has the strongest explanation for the soil conservation ability.