Abstract: Road dust is currently the leading source of PM₁₀ emissions from urban traffic in China. Therefore, taking effective measures to control road dust and evaluating the effectiveness of the control measures play an important role in urban atmospheric environmental management, and have great significance for efficiently and accurately reducing road dust emissions. The principle, characteristics, application scope and development history of main control measures on road dust reported in domestic and foreign literature were reviewed. On this basis, the evaluation methods and indicators of various control measures in different studies were introduced, and the effectiveness of different control measures was analyzed and compared. The factors affecting control efficiency were also systematically summarized. It was pointed out that there was a lack of relevant research in China, which met the country’s actual road infrastructure, weather and climate conditions, and urban environmental management measures. In the future, it could be considered to combine the new road dust detection method named TRAKER with the classic method named AP-42 to construct a measurement system for evaluating the efficiency of control measures, so as to determine the most economical and efficient road dust control measures and provide suggestions for urban atmospheric environmental management.