Abstract: With the rapid development of aluminium smelting industry in China, millions of tons of hazardous wastes such as carbon slag, overhaul slag and aluminum ash are generated every year. In order to promote the refined management of hazardous wastes in China, an in-depth research had been done, the current generation process link, pollution characteristics, utilization and disposal situation and management status of hazardous waste of aluminum smelting industry in China were combed, and the current problems in the utilization and disposal of hazardous waste and environmental management in the aluminum smelting industry were analyzed, especially the lack of hazardous waste advanced applicable utilization and disposal technologies, pollution control standards and comprehensive utilization product quality standards and other outstanding issues. From the aspect of improving the standard system, optimizing utilization and disposal technology, recommendations on the pollution prevention and control of aluminum smelting hazardous waste were put forward to help the green and healthy development of the aluminium metallurgy profession.