Abstract: The development of urbanization has caused a massive influx of people into cities, leading to the emergence of various urban ecological security (UES) problems. UES is an important insurance for the production and living of city dwellers, and is of great significance to promote green development and the harmonious coexistence between human and nature. The related concepts of UES was analyzed, and the main findings and deficiencies of the current research on it were introduced from four aspects, i.e. the UES assessment, the analysis of influence factors, the prediction and early warning of UES and the construction of urban pattern and spatial planning based on ecological security. On this basis, the key researches that need to be carried out in the future were pointed out: 1) Explore the establishment of an UES evaluation standard system to achieve standardized evaluation of urban ecological safety and serve management practices; 2) Strengthen research on UES on a larger scale, such as from the perspective of urban agglomeration or urban-rural coordination; 3) Strengthen people-oriented urban ecological service security research, and attach importance to the application of ecosystem services in the field of ecological security.