Abstract: At present, the control of greenhouse gases generated by municipal solid waste (MSW) treatment has become one of the key directions of carbon emission reduction. The carbon emissions of MSW treatment in Tianjin from 2009 to 2018 were calculated according to the estimation formula recommended by Guidelines for the Preparation of Provincial Greenhouse Gas Inventories (trial), and the temporal variation characteristic of carbon emissions was analyzed. What′s more, the influencing factors of carbon emissions from MSW treatment in Tianjin were analyzed by using the decomposition identity of influencing factors of carbon emission combined with the improved Kaya identity and LMDI addition decomposition method. The results showed that the carbon emissions of MSW treatment in Tianjin decreased first and then increased from 2009 to 2018, and the carbon emissions were mainly from landfill treatment. Among the factors affecting carbon emissions, the economic output effect (ΔY) had the largest driving effect on carbon emissions of MSW treatment, followed by the carbon emission intensity effect (ΔCF). The MSW discharge intensity effect (ΔWI) and the MSW treatment structure intensity (ΔWS) had a negative effect on carbon emissions. It was proposed that controlling the production of MSW, increasing the proportion of waste incineration treatment and improving the methane recovery rate of the landfill were the main emission reduction directions in the future.