Abstract: The rapid development of economy in China has resulted in the mass production of industrial solid wastes. Especially in the chemical, pharmaceutical, printing and dyeing industries, the large amount of hazardous industrial waste salts has caused a serious threat to human health and the safety of the natural environment and restricted the rapid development of enterprises as well. On the basis of summarizing the treatment and disposal methods of industrial waste salts in China in recent years, the output, characteristics and hazards of industrial waste salts were introduced, and the common methods for the treatment of industrial waste salt were reviewed. Current thermal treatment technologies used in disposal of industrial waste salts in China were analyzed, including both traditional and new-type thermal treatment technologies. The traditional thermal treatment technologies such as incineration in a rotary kiln, incineration in a fluidized bed, and liquid jet incineration and new-type thermal treatment technologies such as incineration in a suspended furnace, graded carbonization, molten salt oxidation, high-temperature thermal pipe technology and microwave absorption technology were investigated. The treatment effects, advantages and disadvantages of different thermal treatment technologies were compared and analyzed, and the latest development progress of industrial waste salt thermal treatment technologies in China was systematically combed. In addition, the elimination mechanisms of organic pollutants in the process of these technologies were discussed, including the generation mechanism of reactive oxygen and the change of organic pollutant elimination with temperature. Finally, the migration and transformation law of non-metal elements (mainly N and S, etc.) and heavy metal elements contained in waste salts in process of thermal treatment, and the possible secondary pollution caused by dioxins were summarized.