Abstract: In order to analyze the effectiveness of the ecological protection compensation of drinking water sources in Kunming in recent years, taking Songhuaba Reservoir as the research area, the Analytic Hierarchy Process, entropy weighting method and the model of coupling coordination degree were used to analyze the comprehensive benefits of ecological protection compensation of drinking water sources, and the evolution process of coupling and coordination between ecological environment and socio-economic development. The results were as follows: the comprehensive benefits of ecological protection compensation of drinking water source of Songhuaba Reservoir in Kunming showed a volatility uptrend in 2008-2020, and the average annual growth rate of the comprehensive benefits evaluation index was 23.6%. The degree of coupling and coordination between the two sub-systems of ecological environment construction and socio-economic development showed a continuous upward trend and gradually changed from the stage of imbalance and decline to the stages of transition and coordination and coordinated development. The research results showed that Kunming City had attached great importance to and continued to increase the protection and management of drinking water sources in recent years, the degree of regional ecological environment construction had been continuously improved, and the degree of coupling and coordination between ecological environment construction and socio-economic development had increased. It was suggested that in the future, while the regional socio-economic development was stable, the ecological environment construction should be continuously strengthened in order to reach the coordinated and sustainable development of the ecological environment and socio-economy of drinking water source areas.