Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies have great potential in the field of environmental engineering because of the unique performance of self-learning, self-adaptation and self-organization. At present, they have been widely used in the environmental fields such as water pollution, air pollution, solid waste treatment, climate change, which indicate that AI technologies are good assistants for environmental monitoring and governance. In the current situation of serious water resources shoutage, water pollution prevention and control is of great importance. Traditional water pollution control and supervision technologies have problems such as serious lag effect of water pollution monitoring, high cost of sewage optimization control, and low prediction accuracy of pollutant removal efficiency. The introduction of artificial intelligence technology can effectively overcome the above problems. It is of great significance to develop the application of AI in water pollution control. The characteristics and classification of various AI technologies were discussed, the research status and application progress of AI technologies in the field of water pollution control were summarized, in order to provide scientific reference for comprehensively strengthening water pollution control.