Abstract: In order to investigate the impact of mineral mining on soil ecology, soil samples were collected from the southeastern part of Dayi Mountain rock mass to analyze the concentrations of heavy metals Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cd, As and Hg. The single-factor index, pollution load index and potential ecological hazard index methods were used to evaluate the pollution status and ecological risk of soil in mining areas. The results showed that the average concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu exceeded the standard limits of GB 15618-2018 (Soil Environmental Quality Standard for Soil Pollution Risk Control of Agricultural Land (Trial)) (pH>7.5) by 119.70, 47.33, 6.18, 4.67 and 4.43 times, respectively. The single factor index was As>Cd>Pb>Zn>Cu>Cr>Ni>Hg in descending order, and As, Cd, Pb, Zn and Cu were heavily polluted. The individual potential risk indices were Cd>As>Pb>Cu>Zn>Hg>Ni>Cr in descending order, and the average soil RI was 2 680.40, which was a very strong ecological risk level. The statistics showed that the enrichment centers of Cu, Zn, Cd and As were located in mining areas, Cr, Pb and Ni were enriched in villages, mining production areas and other population activity areas, and there was no obvious distribution pattern of Hg element. The correlation and principal component analysis showed that the abnormal enrichment of Cu, Zn, Cd, As, Pb, Cr and Ni in soils was related to mining and human activities, respectively, while the abnormal enrichment of Hg mainly originated from parent material weathering and soil formation.