Abstract: Based on the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) data of each year from 2001 to 2020, the change of vegetation cover in the Hanjiang River Basin was analyzed, and the slope of EVI change of 150000 1 km×1 km basic units was calculated in 2001-2010, 2001-2011, 2001-2012 and 2001-2020 in the Han River Basin. The exponential decay method was used to fit the time when the change slope of EVI maintained a positive and negative trend, and the ecological resilience of the whole Hanjiang River Basin and 564 sub-basins was analyzed to evaluate the stability and sustainable development level of the ecosystem. The results showed that the EVI value of Hanjiang River Basin increased by 12.3% from 2001 to 2020, and the vegetation coverage of Hanjiang River Basin was getting better year by year. The overall ecological resilience of Hanjiang River Basin was good, and the decay time difference between the grid with a positive trend and the grid with a negative trend was 65.3 years. The ecological resilience of Hanjiang River Basin generally presented the distribution characteristics of high in the upper reaches and low in the middle and lower reaches.