Abstract: The overall situation of soil pollution in China is still severe. Human health risk assessment (HRA) on soil pollutants has become one of the core technologies which supports land classification management, industry access management and soil pollution risk control. The development status of soil pollutant HRA at home and abroad was summarized, and a conclusion was drawn that the trend of soil pollutant HRA technology followed the framework of traditional "four-step" procedure, and further integrated with the technologies of the spatialization of evaluation, refinement of bioavailability and quantification of exposure characteristics. Taking the target value of soil remediation and the environmental demand for rational planning of land safe use as examples, the shortcomings of soil HRA technology in management practice were analyzed, and it was put forward that soil pollutant HRA technology was still the weak link in carrying capacity evaluation and emission source management. In order to effectively control the soil risks, it was suggested that the focus of HRA technology in the future was to take the "pollution source-route-sensitive protection" as the breakthrough point and achieve the goal of guiding industrial adjustment by setting binding indicators of HRA risk for the control units.