基于卫星数据识别臭氧生成高值区的方法及其应用

A satellite-based method and application for identifying high ozone production area

  • 摘要: 近年来,我国臭氧污染问题逐步显现。为持续推动京津冀及周边、汾渭平原等重点区域环境质量改善,生态环境部实施了“千里眼”计划,构建了大气污染网格化监管体系。2020年,针对夏季臭氧污染问题,开展了臭氧生成高值区识别研究,向重点区域生态环境部门、监督帮扶现场工作组推送环境异常信息,为打赢蓝天保卫战提供了重要支撑。利用哨兵-5卫星数据,结合企业清单、用电数据、历史污染源检查问题等数据,通过RFM模型综合挖掘识别臭氧生成高值区。结果表明:京津冀和汾渭平原的大多数城市地区和工业集聚区属于VOCs控制区或VOCs-NOx共同控制区;该方法推送的臭氧生成高值区问题率为65.3%,高出整体问题率21.5个百分点;高值区内企业发现问题率为27.1%,高出非高值区3.7个百分点,提升了2020年夏季臭氧污染防治监督帮扶的工作成效。高值区问题率、高值区内企业问题率和推送次数有关,实践结果表明,经过重复推送,高值区内企业问题率呈先升后降的规律,企业问题率拐点时间与企业整改完成周期有关。该方法对于以包装印刷、工业涂装为主导的产业集群,应用效果较好。

     

    Abstract: Over recent years, ozone pollution has become a prominent issue in China. To perpetuate the improvement of environmental quality in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) Region and its surrounding areas and Fen-Wei Plain, the Ministry of Ecology and Environment launched the Thousand Miles Eye Program to build a grid-based air pollution monitoring system. In 2020, to address the ozone pollution problem during the summer months, a study was conducted to identify high ozone production area and pushed anomaly environmental information to the environmental authorities in key regions and the onsite inspection and assistance teams, thus providing important support for winning the blue sky defense war. Based on the data from Sentinel-5P satellite, and combined with the enterprise data inventories, electricity consumption data, pollution source inspection records, and so on, high ozone production areas were identified and located through the RFM model. The findings of the study showed that most urban areas and industrial clusters in the BTH region and Fen-Wei Plain were located within VOC-control areas or VOC-NOx-cooperative control areas. The problem rate of high ozone production areas pushed by the method was 65.3%, 21.5 percentage points higher than the overall problem rate. The problem rate among enterprises in high ozone production areas was 27.1%, 3.7 percentage points higher than those in non-high ozone production areas. This methodology improved the efficacy of inspection and assistance in ozone pollution inspection and control during the summer of 2020. The problem rate of high ozone production areas and the problem rate of enterprises in high ozone production areas were correlated with the times of push notifications of high ozone production areas; and the practice results showed that after repeated pushes of such notifications, the rate of problematic enterprises in high ozone production areas showed a pattern of rising first before falling, and the inflection point of the problem rate of enterprises was correlational to their cycle of rectification. This methodology proves more effective with industrial clusters dominated by packaging printing and industrial painting businesses.

     

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