Abstract: After the special major explosion accident in Xiangshui, the central area of the explosion and the surrounding rivers were polluted by chemicals to different degrees, and the emergency treatment of the accidental wastewater was extremely difficult. How to scientifically and effectively carry out the emergency treatment of the accidental wastewater was the top priority of the on-site environmental emergency response. The emergency treatment decision-making processes, such as the environmental emergency water quality analysis, target setting, treatment and engineering implementation plan formulation of the explosion accident, were mainly introduced. The effectiveness, experience of the emergency treatment and disposal of wastewater in the explosion accident were also summarized and analyzed. In the process of on-site environmental emergency, the emergency technical chain of "quick plugging-safe transfer-proper disposal" in sudden environmental accidents in the chemical industry park was developed and practiced. The emergency wastewater treatment and engineering implementation plan was scientifically formulated, and the emergency treatment of all kinds of wastewater in the explosion area was successfully realized. Furthermore, the emergency treatment of wastewater achieved the emergency goals of "no secondary environmental disasters" and "not letting a drop of wastewater enter the Guan River", which verified the scientificity and correctness of on-site emergency decision-making. The successful experience accumulated in the environmental emergency response to the special major explosion accident in Xiangshui could provide a reference for the emergency response to similar sudden environmental pollution accidents in the future.