Abstract: Qilianshan Mountains is an important ecological function area in China; also, it is an important ecological safety barrier and water conservation area in northwest China. It is of great significance to carry out the balance sheet compilation of natural resources in this region to find out the natural resources background and guide the regional green development. Factors such as land resources, forest resources, water resources and mineral resources were comprehensively considered, and according to the compilation principle of "first physical quantity, then value quantity, first stock, then flow, first classification, then synthesis", the reporting system of General table -Classification table -Extended table -Basic table was built, to comprehensively assess the physical quantity and value quantity of natural resources in Qilianshan mountains and to form a natural resource balance sheet. The evaluation results showed that the natural resource assets of Qilianshan Mountains in Qinghai Province had been increasing steadily since 2011. The total assets in 2011, 2015 and 2017 were 9 167.231 billion yuan, 9 167.495 billion yuan and 9 169.819 billion yuan, respectively. Among them, land resource assets accounted for more than 99%, followed by mineral resources and water resources, and forest resources value was the least. The reporting system and accounting results provided important technical support for the wok of balance sheet compilation of natural resources in Qilianshan Mountains and even in Qinghai Province.