Abstract: The artificial liner system is an important protective barrier for disposal of solid waste in landfill, but the breakage of liner will cause leachate leakage, which will seriously endanger the environment and human health. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the leakage of artificial lining in a timely and effective manner. The current commonly used leakage detection technologies, such as tracer method and dipole method, cannot be applied to the leakage detection of landfill during operation, which are difficult to meet the requirements of emergency detection in case of sudden leakage. Aiming at the problem of emergency detection of landfill leakage, a novel emergency leakage detection method of geomembrane named boundary location method was proposed, which had the advantages of nondestructive detection, convenient operation and rapid and efficient data processing. The detection range of boundary location method was extended by placing electrodes around the landfill, then the obtained signals were calculated by integrated developed boundary location detection system. Finally, GPS coordinates of leakage sources and data visualization results were given at the terminal. A municipal solid waste landfill and a hazardous waste landfill in East China were taken as research cases to analyze the application effect of leakage emergency detection technology based on boundary location method in practical projects. The results showed that the boundary location method could achieve rapid localization of leakage source in practical engineering, and the error between the predicted and actual locations of leakage sources was within 2 m, and it could be corrected by tracking and measuring the on-site excavation process. In addition, the signal errors made the boundary location detection system calculate them as one if the distances among leakage sources were less than 1 m, and multiple leakage points with a distance of more than 2 m could be effectively detected when there were multiple leakage points in the landfill.