Abstract: Land use change is an important factor affecting carbon sequestration change, and land use optimization plays an important role in realizing regional carbon balance. Based on the data of land use in 2000, 2010 and 2020, the temporal and spatial development characteristics of land use change and carbon storage in Qingshui River basin in 2060 were predicted by FLUS-InVEST coupling model under different simulation scenarios (baseline scenario, cultivated land protection scenario, water area protection scenario, and high-carbon storage land protection scenario). Aiming at the suitable development direction of high, medium and low carbon storage capacity grade regions, a grey linear programming model based on the maximization of carbon storage was constructed to optimize the quantitative structure of land use and simulate the spatial layout of land use using FLUS model. Fragstats software was used to analyze the morphological pattern of different land use types in the upper, middle and lower reaches of the basin, and analyze their correlation with carbon storage, and corresponding optimization strategies. The results showed that: 1) Under the four simulation scenarios, the carbon storage in the basin would increase steadily in 2060 only under the high-carbon storage land protection scenario, and decrease significantly under the other three scenarios. 2) Based on the optimization scheme, in 2060, the area of forest land, wetland and water area in the basin would increase, the area of construction land would increase steadily, the area of grassland and cultivated land would decrease relatively and the contiguous cultivated land would remain unchanged, and the overall regional carbon storage would increase by 1.32×10⁶ t. 3) The land use pattern of the basin affected the carbon storage, and there was spatial heterogeneity in different segments. On the whole, the patches showed complex and irregular shapes with high degree of aggregation and connectivity, which was conducive to improve the overall carbon storage in the region. Therefore, the optimization proposed in this thesis can better meet the development needs of different regions of the basin while coordinate the overall development at the same time, and eventually increase the carbon storage of the basin and promote the overall benefit optimization.