Abstract: In order to solve the environmental pollution problems caused by the massive accumulation of coal gangue, the goal of realizing "zero-waste" of coal gangue was proposed based on the concept and experience of "zero-waste city". Based on the analysis of the generation, distribution, and physicochemical properties of coal gangue in China, the necessity of the goal of realizing "zero-waste" of coal gangue was discussed from two aspects of the clean and efficient utilization of coal and the reduction of pollution and carbon. The policy basis, technical status quo and existing problems of achieving the goal of realizing "zero-waste" of coal gangue in China were analyzed. It was suggested that China should carry out the work in four aspects: building green ecological coal mines, improving the comprehensive utilization rate of coal gangue, researching and developing technologies for comprehensive utilization of coal gangue resources, and formulating product standards for comprehensive utilization of coal gangue. It was suggested to accelerate the industrialization application of coal gangue comprehensive utilization technologies centered on the integration of underground coal dressing and backfilling, mine filling, pit backfilling, and ecological restoration of collapsed areas, and build a resource-based utilization industrial chain of "power generation - recycling or utilization of useful (valuable) components - high-performance building materials or agricultural applications or mine backfilling" to realize the high-value utilization of multi-component gradation in coal gangue. These measures would ensure the smooth realization of the goal of realizing "zero-waste" of coal gangue in China.