Abstract: Oxytetracycline fermentation residues (OFR) were used to prepare biochar under different temperatures (from 300 to 900 ℃ with an interval of 100 ℃) for uranium adsorption and removal in the wastewater, and the adsorption efficiency and mechanism were studied. The results showed that as the rise of temperature, the surface function groups of OFR biochar, prepared at different temperatures, were decreased gradually and the crystal morphology of Ca was transformed from CaC₂O₄ (300-400 ℃) to CaCO₃ (500-700 ℃) and CaO (800-900 ℃), which leaded to the changes of removal efficiency. When the temperature was raised to 800-900 ℃, the biochar adsorption achieved more than 98% removal efficiency of uranium in seepage of a tailing pond in the South of China in 10 min. Further studies found that more than 98% of uranium could be removed under the condition of wide range of pH (4.0-9.0) and initial uranium concentration (0.8-3.0 mg/L), and the supernatant after treated was much lower than the limit of discharge standard stipulated by radiation protection and radiation environment protection in uranium mining and metallurgy. Therefore, OFR biochar prepared at high temperature showed a good application prospect in in-situ treatment of uranium tailings drainage.