Abstract: Xingkai Lake is a cross-border lake between China and Russia, and its water quality change has received high attention from the international community. The water quality of rivers flowing into the lake has an important impact on the water quality of Xingkai Lake. Taking Xingkai Lake basin in China as the research area, based on Nemero pollution index method, variance analysis, redundancy analysis and cluster analysis, the water quality characteristics of the rivers flowing into Xingkai Lake were analyzed, and the impact of land use structure on the river water quality was explored. Classified repair strategies were also proposed accordingly. The results showed that the water quality categories of rivers flowing into Xingkai Lake were Class Ⅲ to Class Ⅴ or below Class Ⅴ of Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water （GB 3838-2002 ）. Chemical oxygen demand, total phosphorus and permanganate index were the main factors exceeding the standard. The water quality of rivers flowing into Xingkai Lake in high flow period was better than that in normal flow period. The water quality of the rivers flowing into Great Xingkai Lake was better than that of the rivers flowing into Small Xingkai Lake. The explanatory degree of land use in Xingkai Lake basin on the water quality of rivers flowing into the lake reached 52.31% and 45.38% during the high and normal flow periods, respectively. Cultivated land had a negative impact on the water quality of the rivers. Forest land and water body had an improvement effect, while artificial surface and grassland had different impacts in different water periods. Based on the cluster analysis of water quality and land use structure, the rivers flowing into Xingkai Lake were divided into three types, i.e. ecological conservation type, ecological restoration type and comprehensive treatment type, and targeted treatment and repair strategies were proposed.