生物炭材料特征及其在灰水处理中应用研究进展

Research progress on the characteristics of biochar material and its application in greywater treatment

  • 摘要: 生物炭具有比表面积大、孔隙度高、表面官能团丰富等优点,在灰水处理方面有较大的应用潜力。介绍了灰水的水质水量特点及常见处理技术,重点对生物炭的性质、改性方法以及生物炭基质在灰水处理方面的国内外应用研究进展进行了综述,并分析了生物炭的再生性能。结果表明:目前应用于灰水处理的生物炭大多是木质源生物炭,木质源生物炭pH处于碱性范围,具有大比表面积、高孔隙度等优点,其比表面积和孔隙度大多数在0~520 m2/g和48%~83%;众多改性方法中,金属盐生物炭改性的研究较多,采用该方法改性后提高了生物炭的吸附能力,并使其磁化从而方便后期的分离回收;生物炭基质多应用于人工湿地、绿墙等生态处理系统进行灰水处理,在最优运行条件下对灰水中有机物、营养物质的去除率均能达到90%,具有良好的应用前景。最后对生物炭在灰水处理应用中存在的问题进行了总结,并从加强新污染物去除、生物炭再生及节能减耗3个方面对未来研究进行了展望。

     

    Abstract: Biochar has the advantages of large specific surface area, high porosity and abundant surface functional groups, and has large potential for application in greywater treatment. The water quality and quantity characteristics of greywater and common treatment technologies were introduced, the properties of biochar, modification methods and the progress of domestic and international applications of biochar substrates in greywater treatment were mainly reviewed, and the regeneration performance of biochar was analyzed. The results showed that most of the biochar currently applied in greywater treatment was wood-derived biochar which has an alkaline range of pH and the advantages of large specific surface area and high porosity, and its specific surface area and porosity were mostly in the range of 0-520 m2/g and 48%-83%. Among numerous modification methods, there were many studies on the modification of metal salt biochar. This method could improve the adsorption capacity of biochar and make it magnetized, making it convenient for later separation and recovery. The biochar matrix was mostly used in constructed wetlands, green walls and other ecological treatment systems for greywater treatment, and the removal rate of organic matter and nutrients in greywater could reach 90% under optimal operating conditions, which had good application prospects. Finally, the problems in the application of biochar in greywater treatment were summarized, and an outlook on three aspects of the research was provided, including strengthening the removal of new pollutants, the regeneration of biochar and the energy saving and consumption reduction.

     

/

返回文章
返回