Abstract:
Air pollutant emissions from the funeral industry are relatively hidden and have attracted attention due to the low level of pollution control. In 2015, Beijing issued and implemented the local standard
Emission Standard of Air Pollutants for Crematory (DB11/ 1203-2015). In order to understand and grasp the implementation effect of the standard and put forward suggestions for the revision of the standard, we conducted actual on-site monitoring of organized air pollutants from 5 cremators and 5 incinerators for sacrificial offerings in Beijing, as well as unorganized VOCs emissions from 5 crematoriums from July to August 2020, compared and analyzed the pollutant emission levels before the implementation of the standard, and used the ADMS diffusion model to simulate the improvement of ambient air. The results showed that after the implementation of the standard, the pollution control level of cremators and incinerators for sacrificial offerings in Beijing had been improved, and the emission level had been reduced. Among them, particulate matter emissions had decreased by 94.1%-97.9%, and gaseous pollutant emissions had decreased by 8.9%-97.7%. Some pollutants still could not meet the standards stably, and CO and NO
x were prone to exceed the standards, which were mainly affected by the cremation temperature and flue gas residence time. Further to improve combustion equipment and purification devices could be considered to enhance compliance with the standard. It should be noted that the average concentration of unorganized VOCs in the indoor environment of the crematorium was 1 770 μg/m
3, nearly 3 times the standard limit. After the implementation of the standard, the impact of various pollutant emissions on the surrounding environment was reduced. The maximum concentration contributions of NO
x, SO
2, CO and particulate matter had decreased by 99.1%, 99.0%, 98.5% and 98.3%, respectively, and the concentrations after the decrease were 0.007, 0.003, 0.060 and 0.020 μg/m
3, respectively. It was recommended to adjust the baseline oxygen content in the future to better reflect the actual situation, strengthen the operation and maintenance of the flue gas purification system and the management of unorganized emissions, promote the research on odorous substances, incorporate VOCs emissions into the standard control indicators, and explore scientific treatment and disposal methods for fly ash from crematoriums.