Abstract: The logistics industry is an important field of CO₂ emissions. Clarifying the spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors of carbon emissions from the logistics industry in provinces along the Belt and Road is crucial for promoting the sustainable development of the logistics industry. The logistics industry in 17 provinces along the Belt and Road was selected as the research object. Firstly, IPCC carbon emission coefficient method was used to calculate carbon emissions of the logistics industry in provinces along the Belt and Road during 2006-2022. Then, SLOPE, spatial autocorrelation and GDIM methods were used to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution and driving factors of carbon emissions of the logistics industry in provinces along the Belt and Road. The results showed that: (1) The carbon emissions of the logistics industry were on the rise as a whole. (2) The carbon emissions of the logistics industry had a significant spatial positive correlation, and the "high-high" agglomeration area was mainly distributed in the southeast area, while the "low-low" agglomeration area was mainly distributed in the northwest area. (3) Among the driving factors, the investment and added value of fixed assets in the logistics industry were the main factors promoting carbon emission. Investment carbon intensity and output carbon intensity of the logistics industry were the key factors to curb carbon emissions. Based on this, the government should actively encourage enterprises to increase investment in the degree of low-carbon, and optimize the industrial and energy structure through technological innovation and upgrading to reduce carbon emissions of the logistics industry.