Abstract: In order to manage the risk of radiation sources or human activities and effectively reduce the level of environmental radioactivity and radiation exposure hazards, the Chinese radiation carcinogenesis excess risk coefficient was estimated based on the cancer baseline incidence rate of China and the life table derived from the census data, using the radiation carcinogenic risk estimation methods and model parameters recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). The calculated value was 6.98×10^–2 Sv^–1. By applying the personal dose limit recommended by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the acceptable risk criteria of radiation carcinogenesis were calculated through the health risk characterization model of the radioactive contaminants. The acceptable risk level of radiation carcinogenesis in China was established at 3.0×10^–5-3.0×10^–3, considering the high background risk of radiation carcinogenesis, cancer baseline incidence rate, and social and economic development level.