填料对生物滞留设施温室气体排放特征的影响及减污降碳效果

Impact of fillers on greenhouse gas emission characteristics of bioretention facilities and their pollution and carbon reduction effect

  • 摘要: 生物滞留设施作为广泛应用的绿色雨水基础设施之一,当前研究主要聚焦于其对雨水径流水质净化和水量调控效果,而关于生物滞留设施温室气体的排放特性及其填料对温室气体排放的影响尚缺乏系统研究。采用实验室柱状模拟的方法,系统研究了沸石、中砂、细砂填料对生物滞留设施的温室气体排放通量、累积排放量、全球增温潜势(GWP)和碳减排效果的影响。结果表明:填料类型对生物滞留设施温室气体排放特征存在显著影响,以细砂为填料的生物滞留设施的CO2和CH4平均排放通量最低,分别为254.85 mg/(m2·h)、9.06 μg/(m2·h),以沸石为填料的生物滞留设施的N2O平均排放通量最低,为7.72 μg/(m2·h)。以沸石、中砂、细砂为填料的生物滞留设施的GWP分别为472.83、213.96、137.60 kg/hm2(以CO2计)。生物滞留设施可通过对雨水径流中COD削减实现碳减排,以沸石、中砂、细砂为填料的生物滞留在场次降雨中可减少CO2排放量分别为0.051 7、0.050 6、0.050 6 kg。从降低温室气体排放、削减径流流量和径流污染控制方面综合考虑,生物滞留设施可优先选择细砂作为填料。

     

    Abstract: Bioretention facilities are one of the most widely used green stormwater infrastructures. The current research mainly focuses on the pollutants removal of bioretention facilities on stormwater runoff. However, there is still a lack of systematic research on the characteristics of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from bioretention facilities and the impact of facility fillers on GHG emissions. The laboratory column experiments were used to investigate the emission characteristics of CO2, CH4 and N2O in bioretention facilities, and the emission flux, cumulative emission, global warming potential (GWP) and carbon emission reduction effects were evaluated under zeolite, medium sand and fine sand bioretention fillers. The results showed that the filler types had a significant effect on the GHG emission characteristics of bioretention facilities. The average emission fluxes of CO2 and CH4 in the bioretention facilities with fine sand as fillers were the lowest, which were 254.85 mg/(m2·h) and 9.06 μg/(m2·h), respectively. The average emission flux of N2O in bioretention facilities with zeolite as filler was the lowest, which was 7.72 μg/(m2·h). The GWP of bioretention facilities with zeolite, medium sand and fine sand fillers was 472.83, 213.96 and 137.60 kg/hm2 (in terms of CO2), respectively. In terms of carbon emission reduction, the bioretention facilities could mitigate emissions by reducing COD in rainwater runoff. The bioretention with the three types of fillers could reduce CO2 emissions by 0.051 7 kg (zeolite), 0.050 6 kg (medium sand) and 0.050 6 kg (fine sand) in a single rainfall. Considering the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, runoff volume reduction and runoff pollutants removal, fine sand could be preferred as a filler for bioretention facilities.

     

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