Abstract: With the widespread application of ultra-low emission technologies in stationary sources, the proportion of condensable particulate matter (CPM) in total particulate emissions has increased significantly, becoming a critical constraint for further emission reduction. However, a unified standard measurement method is still lacking. This study conducted field measurements and analyses on typical industrial sources to evaluate the differences in measurement results obtained by three methods: the indirect dilution method, the homogeneous controlled condensation method, and the heterogeneous controlled condensation method. The results indicated significant differences in the measured CPM mass concentrations among the methods, following the order of heterogeneous controlled condensation > homogeneous controlled condensation > indirect dilution. This discrepancy was attributed to the fact that traditional condensation methods caused an overestimation of CPM concentrations due to the secondary dissolution of soluble gases (e.g., NH₃, SO₂, and HCl) into the condensate during the water vapor phase transition. In contrast, the indirect dilution method simulated the dynamic dilution and condensation process of flue gas in an open environment, thereby avoiding dissolution interference caused by contact with impinger liquids and more accurately reflecting the atmospheric emission characteristics of CPM. Water-soluble ions, as the major components of CPM, exhibited concentration trends consistent with total CPM concentrations, accounting for over 77.6% and 55.4% of CPM in coal-fired boiler and cement kiln flue gases, respectively. Specifically, CPM from coal-fired boilers was dominated by \mathrmSO_4^2- (31.2%), \mathrmNH_4^+ (28.7%) and Cl⁻(17.5%), whereas CPM from cement kilns was primarily composed of \mathrmNH_4^+ (61.3%). This study provides a crucial empirical basis for optimizing CPM measurement methods and accurately assessing their environmental effects.