Abstract: The sources, water quality characteristics of alkali-reduction wastewater, its environmental issues and the difficulties of wastewater treatment were analyzed, based on a large number of investigations. Combined with the development and application status of resource recovery technologies, the complete set level of treatment equipment, and the problems in their application, the feasibility and necessity of recycling terephthalic acid from alkali-reduction wastewater were pointed out. It was suggested that national and local governments should guide enterprises to actively recycle alkali-reduction wastewater through technical policies and strict management in the process of textile industrial structure adjustment, in order to achieve the environmental, economic and social sustainable development.