Abstract: Power industry in China continued rapid developing during the 11th Five-year Plan Period (2006-2010), with the average annual increase of the overall installed power capacities and the electricity generation being 13.32% and 11.10%, respectively. By then, China’s power grid had ranked first in the world, and the power supply ranked second in the world for 15 years. The energy conservation and emissions reduction of power industry had achieved significantly. By the end of 2010, the standard coal consumption of thermal powers and the rate of electricity loss from transmission line had declined to 333 g/(kW·h) and 6.53%, respectively, achieving the advanced level in the world. Both the total emission and emission performance of SO₂ had decreased, and the emission performance of soot, SO₂ and the nitrogen dioxide decreased to 0.5, 2.7 and 2.6 g/(kW·h) respectively in the end of 2010. On the basis of summarizing the development of power industry during the 11th Five-year Plan Period, the shortages of incoordination and incompleteness were founded in scientific energy conservation and emissions reduction according to laws, power industry adjustment, pricing mechanism, industry policies and market mechanism, and related policy recommendations were proposed, such as to perfect the related laws and policies, to strengthen the power planning, and to carry the market mechanism forward to promote energy conservation and emissions reduction, etc.