Abstract: Research on the influences of pollutant discharge reduction measures on the demand structure, characterized by the share of consumption in GDP and the ratio of consumption to investment, in China’ 30 provinces from 2005 to 2009 were studied, showed that pollutant discharge reductions by engineering improved the element structure and enhanced the proportion of the second industry in GDP as well as the proportion of export in GDP. Therefore, the engineering discharge reduction could degrade the demand structure. Structural discharge reduction increased the proportion of the second industry in GDP but lowered the proportion of export in GDP, thus having a positive effect on the demand structure. Regulation discharge reduction improved the element structure, enhanced the proportion of export in GDP and lowered the proportion of the second industry in GDP, and thus finally had negative influence on the demand structure. In a word, the pollutant reduction by both engineering and regulation should worsen the demand structure, while the structural discharge reduction had positive influence on the improvement of the demand structure.