Abstract: Based on the analysis of the spatial and temporal characteristics of surface water quality and their influencing factors in Baoji City, Shannxi Province, specific countermeasures were proposed to provide scientific evidence for surface water pollution controlling．The results demonstrated that the dominant pollutants were organics, and the heavy polluted areas were Caijiapoqiao, Guozhenqiao, Changxingqiao and Wolongsi. Moreover，the pollution gradually increased from upstream to downstream along the river. Surface water quality was generally improved in recent years and was improved markedly in Changxingqiao and Wolongsi of Weihe River mainstream. Though the water pollution was mainly caused by industrialization, living and agricultural pollution could not be ignored. It was suggested that countermeasures including ensuring ecological water demand in river, strengthening the industrial wastewater treatment, increasing domestic sewage treatment and enhancing agricultural pollution control should be carried out to improve the surface water quality of Baoji City.