辽河干流闸坝回水段自然湿地恢复研究

Research on Restoration Technology of Dam Backwater Natural Wetland in the Main Stream of Liaohe River

  • 摘要: 辽河保护区在清河口—马虎山段100多km河道上的沙坑为建设坑塘湿地提供了基本条件,阐述了辽河保护区坑塘湿地恢复方法、水系连通技术、生态系统恢复技术及建设工程设计方案。在铁岭段、沙宝台段和石佛寺段建设30个坑塘湿地,通过修建宽2~3 m的连通渠实现坑与坑及坑与河道之间的水系流动,可形成三大坑塘湿地群。通过湿地下垫面整治、植被恢复、生境恢复及水文调控与管理恢复坑塘湿地生态系统,通过河流湿地水网建设和水生植物群落重建工程进行坑塘湿地建设,能够实现对干流悬浮物、CODCr和氨氮的有效去除,增加蓄水量909万m3,有效改善辽河流域生态环境。

     

    Abstract: The Liaohe Conservation Area has more sandpits between 100 km of Qinhe river estuary and Mahu mountain, which provide the basic conditions to construct pond wetlands. The pond wetland restoration method, pond water system connection technology, ecological restoration technology and construction engineering design were introduced. Thirty pond wetlands should be constructed in Tieling, Shabaotai, and Shifosi section. Three pond wetland groups were formed through building 2-3 m wide connecting ditches to realize pond-pond and pond-river water system flow. The ecological system of pond wetlands could be recovered by controlling the underlying surface of wetlands, vegetation restoration, habitat restoration and hydrological regulation and management. The pond wetland engineering design included wetland net construction and aquatic plant community reconstruction engineering, which could remove the suspended solids, CODCr and ammonia nitrogen in the main steam, increase the water storage capacity of 9.09 million m3 and improve the ecological environment of Liaohe river basin effectively.

     

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