Abstract: Liaoning province has designated the mainstream of Liaohe River as conservation area and established a conservation bureau. It is an important duty for the bureau to improve its monitoring capacity and control ecological environment of the conservation. The monitoring sections, data management, monitoring platform and emergency response capability of the Liaohe River mainstream were analyzed and corresponding monitoring systems were designed. Aiming at the objectives of monitoring capacity building in Liaohe Conservation Area, the multi-scale monitoring systems were designed, including the water quality monitoring system, ecological monitoring stations and low-altitude aerial system. The automatic monitoring systems were designed, including those for the mainstream and the tributaries. The locations of ecological monitoring stations were identified and the monitoring contents and equipments established. The monitoring system of low-altitude aerial was designed, the monitoring equipment chosen and the monitoring routes set.