Abstract: As the development of economy and increase of global trade, China imports more and more wastes as raw materials. The imported wastes have the special role of both resource supplement and potential environmental risk. Therefore, the study on this area becomes a non-negligible direction in international trade. From the perspective of import trade, the product, supply, technology spillover and industrial optimization effects of imported wastes that could be used for raw materials were analyzed, and their affecting mechanisms on domestic resource saving and industrial structure adjustment investigated. The domestic environmental management constrains under which imported wastes as raw materials could generate positive environmental effects were illustrated. The approaches to fully exert the resource saving effects of imported wastes as raw materials and to alleviate the resource shortage in China were proposed, including improving the existing waste import management laws and regulations, emphasizing the positive role of imported wastes as raw materials, maintaining foreign trade balance, and strengthening trade cooperation of imported wastes as raw materials.