Abstract: The historical debts of environmental investment for 31provinces of the mainland of China were calculated from 2006 to 2010, based on the two aspects of supply and demand for environmental investment. It was found that the supply of environmental investment had been always more than demand of environmental investment in Beijing and other six provinces. There was a gap between supply and demand for environmental investment in other provinces, e. i. the historical debt. From the view of demand, the demand for infrastructure construction investment was fully satisfied, the demand for industrial pollution source control investment was equal to the supply, and the supply for construction project “three simultaneous” environmental investment was far not enough to meet the demand. In addition, the historical debts for environmental investment were more in northeast, central and northwest regions of China, and less in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei economic circle, Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta.