Abstract: According to 2012 pollution sources survey results in Ulungur Lake basin, in combination of pollution generation coefficients of different types of polluting sources, and using the discharge coefficient method, the pollution loads of chemical oxygen demand (COD_Cr), ammonia nitrogen, TN and TP of point sources, non-point sources and endogenous sources were estimated, and the contribution rates and the partition discharge characteristics of the polluting sources analyzed. Results show that the discharge of COD_Cr, ammonia nitrogen, TN and TP was 56 383.00, 6 821.63, 20 453.64 and 2 538.18 t/a, respectively. In Ulungur Lake basin, the pollutants mainly came from non-point sources, with soil erosion, agricultural runoff and livestock and poultry breeding being the major sources. The contribution rates of COD_Cr, TP from livestock and poultry breeding were both over 60%. From now on, soil erosion, agricultural runoff and livestock farming industry should become key elements to control pollution. The main area of pollutant discharge was Fuhai County, which contribution rate was more than 45%, and thus the county was the key area of pollution prevention.