污泥堆肥对针茅和车前草生长的影响

Influence of Sewage Sludge Compost on the Growth of Plant Stipa capillata Linn. and Plantago asiatica Linn.

  • 摘要: 针对城市污水厂污泥堆肥利用问题,选取了北方常见的2种多年生草本植物——针茅(Stipa capillata Linn.)和车前草(Planta goasiatica Linn.),利用盆栽试验研究了在污泥堆肥混合比例(污泥堆肥与壤质黏土质量比)分别为0、5%、10%、15%和20%时,土壤中植物的长势和对营养元素的利用率。结果表明,随着污泥堆肥混合比例的增加,土壤的有机质、凯氏氮、总磷浓度和电导率升高,pH呈略微降低趋势。不同植物所需的最佳污泥堆肥混合比例不同,当混合比例为15%时,针茅的干重最大;混合比例为10%时,车前草的干重最大。SPSS方差分析表明,5%的混合比例对针茅单株干重增长量的影响最为显著,而20%的混合比例对针茅生长有明显的抑制作用;10%的混合比例对车前草单株干重增长量的影响最为显著。植物吸收的营养元素的量仅占土壤减少量的小部分,针茅和车前草对污泥堆肥中营养元素的利用率随着污泥堆肥混合比例的增加而减少。混合比例为10%时,针茅对氮和磷的利用率分别为1.76%~6.15%和0.93%~2.57%;车前草对氮和磷的利用率分别为2.52%~9.13%和3.57%~8.98%。

     

    Abstract: On account of sludge compost utilization issue in municipal sewage plant, two types of common perennial herbs in North China Stipa capillata Linn. and Plantago asiatica Linn. were selected, adopting pot experiments to investigate the relations between plant dry weight and nutrient elements utilization rate under sludge compost blending ratio (sludge compost dry weight to soil dry weight) of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%, respectively. The results indicate that the soil organic matter, TKN, TP and EC values show increasing trend, and pH shows a slightly decreasing trend with the increase of sludge compost blending ratio. Different plants have different optimum sludge compost blending conditions, with Stipa capillata Linn. and Plantago asiatica Linn. obtaining maximum dry weight under the blending ratio of 15% and 10%, respectively. The SPSS variance analysis indicates that the increment of Stipa capillata Linn. dry weight is obviously related to 5% sludge compost blending ratio and unfavorable with 20% sludge compost blending ratio, while the increment of Plantago asiatica Linn. dry weight is obviously related to 10% sludge compost blending ratio. The nutrient elements absorbed by plants only account for a small part of nutrient elements decrement in soils. The nutrient elements utilization ratio of Stipa capillata Linn. and Plantago asiatica Linn. decreases with the increase of sludge compost blending ratio. With 10% sludge compost blending ratio, the Stipa capillata Linn. nitrogen utilization ratio is 1.76%-6.15%, and the phosphorus utilization ratio is 0.93%-2.57%; the Plantago asiatica Linn. nitrogen utilization ratio is 2.52%-9.13%, and the phosphorus utilization ratio is 3.57%-8.98%.

     

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